2021年10月，坐拥28亿用户的社交媒体巨头Facebook公司宣布更名为“Meta”，未来将全身心专注于虚拟现实与增强现实业务，至此彻底引发了元宇宙概念的爆发。
In October 2021, the social media giant Facebook, with 2.8 billion users, announced a change of name to “Meta”, which would focus its future on virtual reality and the enhancement of real business, and which had led to the outbreak of the meta-cosm concept.
Meta创始人扎克伯格表示，希望用五年左右的时间将Meta打造为一家元宇宙公司，而更名动作更是证实了Meta将Allin元宇宙的野心。
The founder of Meta, Zuckerberg, expressed the hope that, over a period of about five years, Meta would be transformed into a Won cosmopolitan company, and that the change of name would confirm Meta's ambitions for the Allin dollar cosmos.
但这场为元宇宙准备的盛宴早在Meta收购Oculus时就已经埋下伏笔，2019年Meta宣布Horizon将成为一个全新的社交虚拟世界。
But this feast, which was prepared for the Woncosmos, was written by Meta when it acquired Oculus, and in 2019 it announced that Horizon would become a brand-new social virtual world.
随后，在2021年年底，HorizonWorlds作为元宇宙平台正式开放。
Subsequently, at the end of 2021, HorizonWorlds was officially opened as a meta-cosmos platform.
2022年初，扎克伯格承诺，在未来十年内，每年将向元宇宙投入100亿美元，从如此巨大的投入中也不难看出Meta对元宇宙的重视程度。
At the beginning of 2022, Zuckerberg promised to invest $10 billion a year in the meta-cosmos over the next 10 years, and the extent to which Meta values the meta-cosm.
不仅如此，上周Meta宣布将暂停举办今年的F8开发者大会，原因是将投入更多时间给元宇宙。
Moreover, last week, Meta announced that it would suspend the holding of this year's F8 developers' conference because more time would be devoted to the meta-cosmos.
那么Meta究竟是如何布局元宇宙的？重磅押注元宇宙的背后又有着怎样的原因？
So how does Meta shape the universe? What's the reason behind the heavy bet on the universe?
Meta从何时开始布局元宇宙？
When did Meta start laying out the metaspace?
2014年3月还未更名的Facebook以20亿美元现金及股票收购了Oculus，当时扎克伯格在公告中表示“移动是当前的平台，收购Oculus是为明天的平台做准备。”
In March 2014, Facebook, which had not changed its name, acquired Oculus with $2 billion in cash and shares, while Zuckerberg stated in his announcement that “movement is the current platform, and the acquisition of Oculus is in preparation for tomorrow's platform”.
在这笔巨额收购后，Meta对Oculus进行了一系列的升级改造，直到2020年9月，OculusQuest2头显以299美元的价格公开发售，一经推出迅速点燃了市场。
After this huge acquisition, Meta undertook a series of upgrades to Oculus until September 2020, when two of the Oculus Quest2 were publicly sold at a price of $299 and the market was quickly ignited upon its launch.
尽管彼时元宇宙概念还未流行起来，但事实证明，扎克伯格的走向元宇宙的每一步都是精心铺垫的。
Although the concept of the timer cosmos is not yet popular, it has proved that every step towards the metacosystem in Zuckerberg has been carefully prepared.
2021年3月，Roblox打出元宇宙概念上市纽交所，市值一度超过480亿美元。这股元宇宙的风潮迅速席卷了全球各行各业。
In March 2021, Roblox hit the market exchange on the dollar cosmos concept, with a market value of more than $48 billion at a time. The tide of the cosmos quickly engulfed all walks of life around the globe.
元宇宙所强调的沉浸感需要依托于终端设备作为连接接口来实现，而扎克伯格认定的发展前景甚好的VR赛道自然成为了元宇宙的重要入口。
The immersion emphasized by the Woncosm needs to be achieved by relying on the terminal as a connection interface, while the VR track, as identified by Zuckerberg, has naturally become an important entry point to the Woncosmos.
最终，Facebook在Connect的年度大会上直接宣布将公司更名为Meta，这个拥有海量用户的社交平台布局元宇宙的计划彻底公开。
Finally, Facebook announced directly at Connect's annual general meeting that the company would be renamed Meta, a social platform with big users that plans to create a meta-cosm that is fully public.
改名的不仅仅是Facebook母公司，旗下OculusQuestVR头显产品也于1月27日正式更名为“MetaQuest”，对此，MetaQuest还表示“改变有时候并非是一件坏事，我们希望去更好地帮助构建元宇宙，而新名字将使这个过程更加清晰”。
In response to the change of name, not only from Facebook's parent company, but also from Oculus QuestVR's flagship product, which was officially renamed “Meta Quest” on 27 January, MetaQuest also stated that “change sometimes is not a bad thing, and we want to better help build the meta-cosm, and the new name will make the process clearer”.
至此，Facebook从社交媒体平台彻底转变为名为Meta的元宇宙概念公司，而当前Meta的元宇宙版图还在不断探索更丰富的应用领域，那么Meta具体押注了哪些赛道呢？
As a result, Facebook has been transformed from a social media platform to a meta-cosm concept company called Meta, and the current meta-cosm map of Meta is constantly exploring more diverse applications, so which tracks have Meta specifically staked?
Meta目前押注了元宇宙哪些方向？
What direction does Meta currently bet on the Yuan cosmos?
Meta可能并不是全球第一家重点关注元宇宙赛道的科技公司，但毫无疑问是孤注一掷投身于元宇宙的先行者。
Meta may not be the first technology company in the world to focus on the meta-cosmos track, but it is no doubt the pioneer who has turned his back on the meta-cosmos.
Lookonchain：比特币和以太坊上涨或与机构/基金投入16亿美元资金有关:金色财经报道，Lookonchain在社交媒体发文称，比特币和以太坊今日出现上涨，链上数据显示自2月10日以来几家基金/机构已经向加密市场投入了近16亿美元，这段时间内基金/机构从Circle取出了16亿美元的USDC，但仅存入了约2亿美元的USDC，分析认为机构投资者并没有因为前期比特币和以太坊的下跌而停止向加密市场注资。[2023/2/16 12:10:37]
Lookonchain: Bitcoin and Etheria rose or related to $1.6 billion in funding from institutions/funds: Gold Finance Report, Bookonchai wrote in social media that Bitcoin and Etheria are rising today, with chain data showing that several funds/institutions have invested nearly $1.6 billion in the crypto market since 10 February, during which time the funds/institutions have taken $1.6 billion USDC from Circle, but have deposited only about $200 million USDC, analysing that institutional investors have not stopped investing in the crypto market as a result of the fall in previous Bitcoin and Etheria. [2023/2/16:10:37]
然而Allin元宇宙并不仅仅是改名而已，Meta目前究竟在元宇宙的哪些方面有所行动，下文我们一一拆解。
However, the Allin dollar universe is not merely a name change, but what exactly is happening in Meta at this point in time, and we're breaking it down.
?重金下注硬件赛道
? Heavy gold on the hardware track
任何行业的早期阶段都离不开基础设施的建设，作为元宇宙“四大金刚”的用户界面与沉浸式体验，硬件的发展为元宇宙的实现提供了必要的基础设施。
The construction of infrastructure is indispensable at an early stage in any industry, and hardware development provides the necessary infrastructure for the realization of the metacosystem as a user interface and immersion experience for the “Four Great Steels” of the meta-coast.
当前元宇宙的硬件赛道主要分为AR眼镜和VR头显两大部分，其消费群体略有不同。AR眼镜以其在培训和远程指导方面的优势性成为了工业企业的宠儿。
The hardware track of the current meta-cosmos is largely divided into AR glasses and VR head, with a slightly different consumer population. AR glasses become the pets of industrial enterprises by virtue of their advantages in training and teledirection.
而VR头显则以其丰富多彩的娱乐性应用成为了普通消费者的首选。
VR head displays, on the other hand, have become the preferred choice for ordinary consumers with their rich and varied recreational applications.
虽然当前VR头显因个人隐私数据泄露、安全保护等多个方面的问题在一定程度上引发了公众担忧，但丝毫无法减慢VR头显市场持续发展的步伐。
While the current VR head shows some degree of public concern over issues such as the disclosure of personal privacy data and security protection, it does not in any way slow down the sustained growth of the VR head market.
而根据IDC在3月发布的最新报告显示，2021年全年全球AR/VR头显出货量达1123万台，同比增长92.1%，而Meta旗下的Oculus市场份额达到了惊人的80%。
According to the latest report issued by the IDC in March, the volume of global AR/VR heads in 2021 amounted to 1,123 million, an increase of 92.1 per cent over the same year, while the market share of Oculus under the Meta flag reached an alarming 80 per cent.
积土成山，非斯须之作，作为市场的领导者，Meta对硬件赛道的投入可以说是一掷千金。
As the leader of the market, Meta's input into the hardware track can be described as a huge sum of money.
2014年，Meta收购了Oculus，之后的2019年收购了AR眼镜赛道的初创公司CTRL-labs，同年以7800万美元的价格收购视频游戏初创公司PlayGiga，近期Meta又收购了VR健身应用《Supernatural》背后的开发商Within，金额或超4亿美元。
In 2014, Meta acquired Oculus, followed in 2019 by CTRL-labs, the start-up company of the AR glasses track, PlayGiga, the first starter of video games, for $78 million in the same year, and, more recently, Within, the developer behind the VR fitness application Supernatural, for an amount of or more than $400 million.
而且，在未来XR当道的情况下，Meta并没有满足于OculusQuest为其带来的成就，而是积极的探索新的领域。
Moreover, in the future XR context, Meta is not content with the achievements of OculusQuest, but is actively exploring new areas.
今年3月，Meta以两倍薪资挖走微软AR眼镜HoloLens硬件工程总监RuneJensen，让其负责AR/VR前沿技术研究和原型设备开发等工作。
In March of this year, Meta dug up at twice the salary the head of hardware engineering for Microsoft AR glasses HoloLens, RuneJensen, to be responsible for, inter alia, R/VR cutting-edge technical research and prototype equipment development.
可这些投入也只是冰山一角，MetaAR/VR事业群RealityLabs仅在2021年的投入超过了120亿美元，可以说，Meta在硬件上投入了非常大的资金和精力。
But these investments are only the tip of the iceberg, with the MetaAR/VR Enterprise Reality Labs only investing more than $12 billion in 2021, and it can be said that Meta has invested a lot of money and effort in hardware.
尝试打造元宇宙社交平台
Try to build a meta-cosm social platform
除了在硬件赛道发力，作为传统社交媒体Facebook、Instagram和Whatapps的母公司，拥有庞大用户基数的Meta在元宇宙社交平台打造方面无疑是不遗余力的。
In addition to working in hardware lanes, Meta, the parent company of traditional social media Facebook, Instagram and Whhatapps, with a large user base, undoubtedly spares no effort in building a meta-cosmos social platform.
2021年12月，Meta正式开放VR社交平台Horizon，用户可以在平台上创建虚拟形象，并与其他用户交互。虽然Horizon中用户的化身只有上半截身体，但自推出以来，已有超过30万人参与其中。
In December 2021, Meta officially opened the VR social platform, Horizon, where users can create virtual images and interact with other users. While Horizon has only the upper half of the body, more than 300,000 people have been involved since its launch.
Okcoin承诺投入100万美元让更多女性进入加密货币领域:12月3日消息，Okcoin表示将投入100万美元让更多女性进入加密货币市场，目标是到2025年达到50%的女性加密货币客户。为此，该公司已任命兰迪·扎克伯格 (Randi Zuckerberg) 为首届品牌顾问委员会成员。扎克伯格在一份声明中说：“在技术、投资和领导力方面激励和支持女性一直是我的热情所在，我期待作为Okcoin品牌咨询委员会的成员继续这样做。”（venturebeat）[2021/12/3 12:47:10]
Okcoin pledged $1 million to bring more women into the area of encrypted money: on 3 December, Okcoin said that it would invest $1 million to bring more women into the market of encrypted money, with the goal of reaching 50 per cent of female encrypted money clients by 2025. To that end, the company has appointed Randy Zuckerberg as a member of its first brand advisory committee. In a statement, Zuckerberg said: “Incentives and support for women have always been my passion in terms of technology, investment and leadership, and I look forward to continuing to do so as a member of the Okcoin brand advisory board.” (Venturebeat) [2021/3 12:47:10]
Horizon实际上由HorizonWorlds、HorizonVenues、HorizonWorkrooms和仍在开发中的HorizonHome组成。
Horizon is actually composed of HorizonWorlds, HorizonVenues, HorizonWorkrooms and Horizon Home, which is still under development.
HorizonWorlds由用户生成的内容构成，是一个全新的社交虚拟世界，创作者可以通过使用VR应用程序中的工具来自行设计世界。
HorizonWorlds, which consists of user-generated content, is a completely new social virtual world from which creators can come using the tools in VR applications.
用户可以在HorizonWorlds中冒险、娱乐，获取与日常生活完全不同的新奇体验。
Users can take risks, entertain in the HorizonWorlds and get new experiences that are completely different from everyday life.
现如今，Meta宣布开始测试销售数字资产的商业化工具，允许用户出售物品和体验的使用权，对数字资产的价值流通提供了必要的途径。
Today, Meta has announced the start of testing commercialization tools for the sale of digital assets, allowing users to sell items and experience access rights and providing the necessary means for the circulation of the value of digital assets.
HorizonVenues则为在VR中举办大型活动提供了必要的条件，2021年11月，Meta官方指出，用户可以通过HorizonVenues在Quest中观看NBA比赛。
HorizonVenues provided the necessary conditions for a major event in VR, and in November 2021, Meta officially stated that users could watch NBA games in Quest through HorizonVenues.
2021年2月超级碗表演结束之后，美国老牌摇滚乐队FooFighter在HorizonVenues中举办一场VR演唱会，Quest用户将可以坐在前排体验。
At the end of the Super Bowl show in February 2021, the old American rock band FooFighter organized a VR concert in HorizonVenues, where Quest users would be able to sit and experience in front rows.
而HorizonWorkrooms让VR办公更易用、更好用，为企业和员工提供了更多在疫情期间居家办公提高沟通效率的方式。然而HorizonWorkrooms并不是Meta在打造元宇宙社交平台时的第一次尝试。
HorizonWorkrooms, on the other hand, makes VR offices more user-friendly and efficient, and provides businesses and employees with more effective ways to work at home during the epidemic. However, HorizonWorkrooms is not the first attempt by Meta to build a meta-cosm social platform.
早在2016年，Meta就推出了面向VR用户的跨平台VR协作平台Workplace，允许用户直播并实现多人聊天。而建立在Workplace基础上的HorizonWorkrooms让VR办公上了一个新的台阶。
As early as 2016, Meta launched a cross-platform VR collaboration platform for VR users, Worldplace, which allows users to live live and have many people chatting. HorizonWorkrooms, based on WorldPlace, has placed VR on a new platform.
Meta元宇宙社交平台在稳定的发展，我们期待看到Horizon更多的表现。
The Meta dollar Cosmos social platform is developing steadily, and we look forward to seeing more performance on Horizon.
打造元宇宙基础设施平台
Platform for building meta-cosmos infrastructure
然而Meta的野心并不止于此，致力于成为元宇宙标杆企业的Meta还在为打造元宇宙基础设施平台而努力。
However, the ambition of Meta goes beyond that, and Meta, which is committed to becoming a meta-cosm pole, is also working to build a meta-cosm infrastructure platform.
除了推动硬件的发展并且打造元宇宙社交平台以外，Meta还与英伟达联手推出了全新的人工智能研究超级集群，并与西班牙电信公司Telefónica联手建立了一家元宇宙创新中心，推动AI、算力、网络传输等多个元宇宙基础设施的建设。
In addition to promoting the development of hardware and building a meta-cosmos social platform, Meta joined forces with Weida to launch a new artificial intelligence research supercluster and with Telefónica, the Spanish telecommunications company, to set up a meta-cosm innovation centre to promote the construction of several meta-cosm infrastructures, such as AI, numeracy and network transmission.
Lido关于向Obol和BloxStaking各投入10万美元LDO代币用于SSV研究的投票已通过:8月31日消息，以太坊 2.0 质押协议 Lido 关于向以太坊秘密共享验证器网络 Obol 和非托管开源 Eth2 质押网站 Blox Staking 各投入 10 万美元的 LDO 代币用于 SSV 的研究的投票已通过。Lido 表示 SSV 是 Lido 未来用于 ETH 2.0 Staking 的潜在技术，SSV 仍在开发中，Blox Staking 和 Obol 都是积极致力于研究 SSV 的团队，Lido 希望通过拨款支持两个团队的努力。SSV 能够以一种安全的方式在不信任的节点或运营商之间拆分验证器密钥，同时保持以太坊验证器的分布式控制和活动。从本质上讲，SSV 是一种通过使单个 SSV 节点成为一个强大的网络来分散风险和减少故障的方法，该网络可以在安全性、稳健性和正常运行时间方面优于任何单个 Staking 服务。[2021/8/31 22:49:00]
Lido's vote for each of the $100,000 LDO tokens for each of the Obol and BloxStaging studies for the SSV has been passed: on August 31, the SPV is a potential future ETH 2.0 Staking technology, and the SSV is still under development. Blox Staking and Obol are teams active in researching the SSV network, and Lido hopes to support the efforts of the two teams through the allocation of funds. The SSV can safely deconstruct the testator key between non-trusted nodes or operators while maintaining the distribution control and activity of the ETH 2.0 Staking.
Meta称“我们希望算力的跃阶提升不仅能帮助我们为现有服务创建更精确的人工智能模型，同时能够实现全新的用户体验，尤其是在元宇宙之中……正在帮我们创造为元宇宙提供动力、并推动更广泛的人工智能社区前进的基础技术。”
“We hope that the leap forward in computing will not only help us to create more accurate artificial intelligence models for existing services, but also to achieve new user experiences, especially in the meta-cosmos... is helping us to create the basic technologies that provide the impetus for the meta-cosm and drive the wider community of artificial intelligence.”
在2022年度的第二阶段，RSC将可以实现每秒5百亿亿次运算，并具有16TB/s的目标传输带宽，成为世界上最快的人工智能超级计算机之一。
In the second phase, in 2022, RSC will be able to achieve 500 billion calculations per second, with a target bandwidth of 16 TB/s, becoming one of the fastest artificial intelligence supercomputers in the world.
而RSC将使得语音识别等技术所需的模型在数百种不同的语言中工作，并无缝分析文本、图像和视频、开发新的增强现实的工具，构建全新的人工智能系统。
RSC, on the other hand, will make the models required for technology such as speech recognition work in hundreds of different languages, without suture analysis of text, images and videos, the development of new tools to enhance reality and the construction of new artificial intelligence systems.
RSC将推动元宇宙领域相关产品落地，包括审查海量的内容、实时翻译，以及将高性能AI与AR相结合等等，最终构建元宇宙。
The RSC will facilitate the landing of products related to the meta-cosmos, including the review of sea mass content, real-time translation, and the integration of high-performance AI with AR, etc., leading to the construction of the meta-cosmos.
除了RSC，Meta还致力于提供更好的网络支持，在时延和带宽上取得长足的发展，以实现元宇宙的低延迟和沉浸感。
In addition to RSC, Meta is committed to providing better network support and to achieving substantial development over time and bandwidth in order to achieve low delay and immersion in the meta-cosm.
?区块链技术的探索
? Exploration of block chain technology
区块链技术作为元宇宙的重要组成部分，早在Facebook时期，Meta就已经对区块链技术有所探索。
Block chain technology, an important component of the meta-cosm, was explored by Meta as early as the Facebook period.
2018年，Facebook就有了开发基于Crypto的支付平台计划，任命曾在PayPal担任总裁同时也是交易所Coinbase董事会成员的副总裁大卫·马库斯为区块链部门负责人，随后继续聘请Crypto开发人员。
In 2018, Facebook developed a Crypto-based payment platform, appointing David Marcus, Vice-President, who had been President of PayPal and member of the Board of Directors of the Coinbase Exchange, as head of the block chain, and subsequently continuing to hire Crypto developers.
一年后，2019年6月18日，Facebook发布了Libra白皮书，正式宣布推出通证Libra。Libra是一种法币资产和高信用政府债券作储备支撑的美元Stablecoin，由多名成员组织组成的Libra协会发行。
A year later, on 18 June 2019, Facebook released the Libra White Paper, officially announcing the launch of the Translator Libra. Libra is a dollar Stablecoin, a reserve of French-currency assets and high-credit government bonds, issued by the Libra Association, a multi-member organization.
Facebook作为全球有近30亿用户的最大社交平台，在各个国家拥有众多用户，若Facebook真的发行了这样一种货币，其影响力可谓空前巨大，并且也将深刻影响各国的金融。
As the world's largest social platform with nearly 3 billion users, Facebook has a large number of users in various countries, and if it did issue such a currency, its impact would be unprecedented and would have a profound impact on countries'finances.
福克斯娱乐公司正为其NFT项目投入1亿美元:金色财经报道，福克斯娱乐公司（Fox Entertainment）正为其NFT项目投入1亿美元。根据首次公开的项目细节，这些资金将用于使“有史以来第一个完全在区块链上策划的动画系列”成为现实。NFT剧最初将由《瑞克和莫蒂》创作者Dan Harmon的名为“Krapopolis”的节目驱动。该公司周二表示，未来几周将发布更多与福克斯的NFT业务部门未来相关的公告。[2021/6/16 23:39:23]
Fox Entertainment is investing $100 million in its NFT project: Gold Finance reports, and Fox Entertainment is investing $100 million in its NFT project. According to the first publicly announced project details, these funds will be used to make the first ever series of animations entirely planned on the block chain a reality. The NFT play will initially be driven by a programme called “Krapopolis” by Dan Harmon, the author of Rick and Morty. The company says that more announcements will be issued in the next few weeks about the future of Fox’s NFT business sector [2021/6/16 23:39:23].
因此Libra的推出犹如一石激起千层浪，引起各个国家的竞相研究，同时也给了各国巨大的压力，间接加速了各国的央行数字货币CBDC的研发进度。
Thus, the launch of Libra, like a stone that provoked thousands of waves, provoked competition among countries, and placed enormous pressure on countries to indirectly accelerate the development of the central bank's digital currency, CBDC.
然而Libra影响面甚广，各国也都纷纷认真对待，在这样的情况下，Libra处处碰壁，各国的监管部门一致对Libra亮起了红灯，而Libra的协会成员也在逐渐流失。
However, the impact of Libra has been widespread and taken seriously by all countries. In this context, Libra is collapsing, the regulatory authorities have consistently lit red lights on Libra, and members of Libra's association are losing ground.
眼见阻力如此之大，Facebook决定退一步，于2020年12月1日将Libra改名为Diem，同时在原有的基于一篮子货币的设计也改变为对单一美元的支持，并与美元锚定，这种形式就与如USDC等其他Crypto的美元Stablecoin一样了。
Faced with such resistance, Facebook decided to take a step back by changing the name of Libra to Diem on 1 December 2020, while the original design based on a basket of currency was transformed into support for a single dollar and anchored with the dollar, in the same form as the dollar Stablecoin of other Crypto, such as the USDC.
然而这退让的一步，也并未让监管买单，在继续坚持了一年多之后，此时已经改名为Meta的Facebook最终决定将Diem卖出。
However, this retreat did not allow the regulatory bill to be paid and, after more than a year of continued insistence, Facebook, now renamed Meta, finally decided to sell Diem.
2022年1月31日，Meta正式宣布以1.82亿美元的价格将其Crypto支付网络Diem出售给SilvergateCapitalCorporation。
On 31 January 2022, Meta officially announced the sale of its Crypto payment network Diem for $182 million to Silvergate Capital Corporation.
然而，Meta并未完全放弃Crypto的货币玩法，此次失败的只是发行美元Stablecoin，Meta转而开始走支付平台的思路。
However, Meta did not completely abandon Crypto's currency game, and this failed only to issue the dollar Stablecoin, which began to move on to the payment platform.
也就是在Diem被出售的同一天，Meta转头就加入了Crypto开放专利联盟，该联盟由30多名成员组成，包括MicroStrategy、Kraken、Coinbase、Uniswap等。
On the same day that Diem was sold, Meta turned around and joined the Crypto Open Patent Union, which comprises more than 30 members, including MicroStrategy, Kraken, Coinbase, Uniswap and others.
成员将他们Crypto的专利汇集起来，形成一个共享专利库，任何成员都可以自由使用专利背后的技术，以保护Crypto的创新。
Members bring their Crypto patents together to form a shared patent bank, and any member can freely use the technology behind the patent to protect Crypto's innovation.
Meta此举也是一种快速调整的策略，既然走发行的路子走不通，那还可以直接使用现有的Crypto，也可以探索出更多的使用场景和收入来源。
Meta is also a fast-tracking strategy that, since it is not possible to follow the distribution route, can also make direct use of the existing Crypto, and can explore more use scenes and sources of income.
而Meta旗下的产品未来很可能也会接入对Crypto的支持，让传统互联网的Web2用户能够管理自己的Web3资产，Meta也可借此成为横跨Web2与Web3的桥梁，把握住Web3的风口。
The products under the Meta flag are likely to be connected to Crypto in the future, allowing Web2 users of the traditional Internet to manage their Web3 assets, which can also serve as a bridge across Web2 and Web3 to capture Web3 winds.
此外，Meta的金融部门MetafinancialTechnologies也一直在探索创造一种虚拟货币，内部称为“扎克币”，用来打赏创作者、借贷、支持其它金融服务。
In addition, Meta's financial sector has been exploring the creation of a virtual currency, known internally as “Zakecoin”, to reward creators, borrow and support other financial services.
其目标是为支持Meta的元宇宙世界，但它可能并不是基于区块链开发的，这就有点像我们熟知的Q币了，不得不说这也是一种已有的成功经验，也值得一试。
The goal is to support Meta's meta-cosmos world, but it may not have been developed on the basis of a block chain, which is a bit like the Q dollar that we know, which, to say the least, is a successful experience, and it is worth a try.
动态 | 风投机构A16z或将对加密货币等高风险资产投入10亿美元:据福布斯消息，硅谷风投Andreessen Horowitz（A16Z）在进行一些内部调整后，或将在加密货币或其他数字资产等风险更高的投资上投入多达10亿美元。创始人Marc AndreessenBen Horowitz表示，其已将150名员工全部注册为财务顾问，以便让他们能够进行更大的押注，并加大对加密货币等高风险资产类别的投资。[2019/4/3]
According to Forbes, after some internal adjustments, or up to $1 billion in higher-risk investments, such as encrypt currency or other digital assets, Silicon Valley Wind will invest in high-risk assets such as encrypt money. Marcreessen Ben Horowitz, founder, has indicated that he has registered all 150 employees as financial advisers in order to enable them to make greater bets and to invest more in high-risk asset classes such as encrypt currency.[2019/4/3]
至此，Meta规划了近四年的大计似乎出师未捷身先死，但好在还能积极调整，也有一些新的希望。
At this point, it appears that the plan Meta planned for nearly four years did not lead to his death, but it was good that it could be adjusted positively and that there were some new hopes.
另外，随着近几年NFT的普及，NFT已经是一个关注度不小于Crypto的新的应用方向。
In addition, with the spread of NFT in recent years, NFT has become a new application with a greater focus than Crypto.
众多传统企业和机构纷纷入局NFT，尝试将自己的业务与NFT结合，其中不乏一些耳熟能详的品牌，比如阿迪达斯、《Time》周刊、路易威登等等。
A large number of traditional enterprises and institutions have entered NFT, attempting to combine their business with NFT, with well-known brands such as Adidas, Time Weekly, Louis Vuitton and others.
而一些头像类的NFT也迅速火遍海外的社交媒体，这些NFT往往是具有类似特征的一系列NFT，除了本身的风格会受到人们的喜欢以外，还可以用作拥有者自我表达的一种方式。
Some head-like NFTs, which are often a series of NFTs with similar characteristics, are also rapidly rife in social media abroad and can be used as a way of self-expression by the owners, in addition to their own style.
因此这类NFT也被定义为一种新的NFT类别，叫做PFP，即个人资料图片。
These NFTs are therefore also defined as a new NFT category known as PFP, i.e. personal data pictures.
越来越多的名人明星加入到PFP的玩法中，在他们的各类社交媒体上纷纷换上了自己拥有的PFP。
A growing number of celebrity stars have joined the PFP game, replacing their own PFPs with social media of all kinds.
而这股热潮也随着他们的影响力传达到了更多的人，可以说PFP是社交与NFT能完美契合的应用，而这样的盛宴怎能少得了社交巨头Meta呢？
And with their influence reaching out to more people, it can be said that the PFP is a perfect application for socialization and NFT, and how can such a feast be short of the social giant Meta?
4月8日，根据英国《金融时报》获得Meta公司最新披露的一份备忘录显示，该公司已经给NFT和区块链技术集成到旗下应用和服务中设定了一个粗略的时间表，并计划在今年五月率先在Facebook上启动NFT试点计划。
On 8 April, according to a memorandum from the British Financial Times, which had been recently disclosed by Meta, the company had set a rough timetable for the integration of NFT and block chain technology into the application and service under the flag and planned to take the lead in launching the NFT pilot on Facebook in May this year.
而有此动作的社交平台不在少数，此前推特也已经推出了NFT头像功能，允许用户将NFT作为其个人头像。
The social platform for this action is not limited, following the launch of the NFT head image on Twitter, which allows users to use NFT as their personal image.
看来一场争夺NFT制高点的社交巨头之间的争夺战已经打响，并且NFT作为元宇宙的一项重要技术，此次的探索也能为Meta在元宇宙的布局探明前行的方向，Meta能否借此在元宇宙中延续其霸主地位，让我们拭目以待。
It seems that a battle between the social giants who competed for the high points of the NFT system has begun and that, as an important technology in the meta-cosm, this exploration could also shed light on the way forward for Meta in the layout of the meta-cosmos, so that Meta can continue its dominant position in the meta-cosmos.
Meta为何重视元宇宙？
Why does Meta value the Won-Cosmos?
旗下社交平台用户增长见顶
The number of users of social platforms under the flag has risen to the highest level.
2022年2月2日，Meta公布了2021财年第四季度财报，其中用户的数据值得深思。Meta月活用户数为29.1亿，季环比没有增长了。
On February 2, 2022, Meta published the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2021, in which data from users are worth considering. The number of Meta monthly live users is 2.91 billion, and the Quarterly Ring ratio has not increased.
但同时其日活用户反而减少了约50万人，Facebook的用户总数自诞生起第一次迎来了下降。从企业成长曲线来说，Facebook已经从快速增长阶段步入了成熟期。
At the same time, the number of users of Facebook has fallen for the first time since its inception. In terms of the corporate growth curve, Facebook has reached maturity from its rapid growth phase.
Facebook的用户增长停滞有多方面的因素，其一是用户数已接近天花板。
The stagnation of Facebook users is due to a number of factors, one of which is that the number of users is close to the ceiling.
目前，Facebook有30亿左右的用户，而全球有48亿左右的互联网用户，除去个别对Facebook不开放的国家，比如我国的10.8亿互联网用户，剩余的市场容量已经比较有限。
At present, Facebook has about 3 billion users, while there are about 4.8 billion Internet users around the world, and the remaining market capacity is already relatively limited, excluding individual countries that are not open to Facebook, such as our country's 1.08 billion Internet users.
而且如今的Facebook已经把能够发展的国家都发展了，没有新的国家可以拓展，用户数的增长已然见到了天花板。
And now Facebook has developed countries that are able to grow, no new countries can expand, and the growth in the number of users has seen the ceiling.
其二是用户自身的属性，Facebook作为产品已经发展了18年，其用户群往往年纪也偏大，不太被现在的年轻人所接受。
The second is the identity of the user, who has developed as a product for 18 years, and whose user base is often older and less acceptable to the young people of the day.
而随着网络的高速发展，视频类的应用正在崛起，Tiktok作为抖音的国际版，自2017年推出以来，短短几年的时间就成为了海外最火爆的社交软件之一，常年霸榜应用市场。
With the rapid development of the network, video-type applications are rising, and Tiktok, an international version of shivering, has become one of the hottest social software applications abroad in just a few years since its launch in 2017, with a constant year-on-year power market for applications.
在市场容量有限、难以继续拓展市场、以及新产品持续冲击、没有新用户入场的情况下，Facebook这类老产品犹如一滩死水，如果没有新的水源注入，Facebook将日渐蒸发。
In a context of limited market capacity, difficulty in continuing to expand, and the continuing impact of new products and the absence of new users, old products such as Facebook, which would evaporate in the absence of new water injections, are like dead water.
因此，为了破局，必须挖掘新的市场。如今视频应用如日中天，视频的市场已是红海，格局已定，Meta若此时再切入，无异于难上加难。
So, in order to break down, new markets have to be explored. Now that video is used in the middle of the day, the video market is already in the Red Sea, and the pattern is fixed.
但元宇宙概念在2021年突然的火爆，给了Meta新的灵感。鉴于Meta在很早之前就已经开始布局VR领域了，尤其是在VR的硬件市场上，Meta有着压倒性的优势。
But the dollar cosmos concept suddenly exploded in 2021, giving Meta a new inspiration. Given that Meta had already begun to deploy VR a long time ago, especially in the VR hardware market, Meta has an overwhelming advantage.
而元宇宙的关键展现方式之一正是要通过VR这类头显设备，Meta手握如此好的牌，自然要顺势而为。
And one of the key ways of showing the Woncosmos is through head displays like VR, where Meta holds such a good hand, naturally, to do what it takes.
显然，从目前的情况来看，Meta不仅仅是顺势而为了，而是直接倾其所有的力量，借助其先天的优势，去拓展这一个还未被开垦过的蓝海。
It is clear that, in the present situation, Meta is not merely an aversion, but a direct diversion of all its forces and the use of its natural advantages to expand the blue sea, which has not yet been reclaimed.
不过这一次，Meta可不仅仅只是想要在应用上再造一个社交帝国。
But this time, Meta wasn't just trying to apply another social empire.
苹果之所以能成为市值最大的公司，有多种原因，但最能支撑其营收的，主要还是依靠其过硬的硬件产品，以及其搭载的AppStore。
Apple is the company with the largest market value for a number of reasons, but most of its revenue is supported by its over-hard hardware products, as well as by its AppStore.
硬件与应用商店的结合才是正确的致富秘密，这也是为何我们也能看到华为手机有华为市场，小米手机有小米市场的原因，大家都深谙其道。
The combination of hardware and applied shops is the right secret to be rich, and that is why we can also see that there is a market for Chinese mobile phones, and that there is a market for small rice, which is well known to all.
同理，这一套逻辑也能在VR领域适用，谁能拿下VR硬件市场足够多的份额，谁就能在未来的VR应用市场上占据主导地位，便能拥有源源不断地现金流。
By the same token, this set of logic can also be applied in the VR area, where whoever takes a sufficient share of the VR hardware market can dominate the future VR application market and have a steady flow of cash.
Meta当前占据VR设备80%左右的市场，要再接再厉拿下应用市场的份额可谓是手到擒来，不过目前VR的整体用户数还只在千万级，Meta若要保持优势并做大市场还需要持续地投入。
Meta currently occupies about 80 per cent of the market for VR equipment and continues to make efforts to capture the share of the application market, although the total number of VR users is currently only 10 million, and Meta needs sustained investment if it is to maintain its advantage and become a large market.
?业务财报不容乐观
? Business returns are not promising
2月初的这份财报因为是Meta更名后的首份财报，引起了诸多关注，但正是这份不及预期的财报让其股价暴跌了21%。
The presentation at the beginning of February raised many concerns because it was the first to be named after Meta, but it was this less-than-expected presentation that caused its share price to drop by 21 per cent.
公司市值单日蒸发约2520亿美元，也创下了2012年该公司上市以来的最大单日跌幅，名副其实的“跌掉一万亿”。
The company's market value evaporated on a single-day basis of about $252 billion, which also hit the largest single-day fall since its listing in 2012, with a veritable “down to $1 trillion”.
在这份财报中，我们可以看到，Meta2021年主营广告业务增长疲软，已经没了往年的亮眼。
In this financial statement, we can see that the growth of Meta's major advertising business in 2021 is weak and has lost sight of previous years.
与此同时被寄予厚望的元宇宙开发部门非但没有盈利，反而带来了100亿美元的亏损，这也是去年Meta更名后首次将代表元宇宙业务的?"RealityLabs"财务板块单独列出。
At the same time, the hoped-for MEXA sector, instead of making a profit, caused a loss of $10 billion, which was the first time in the last year that Meta changed its name to a separate financial section, “RealityLabs”.
我们暂且抛开创新业务的盈利问题来看整体数据，2021第四季度Meta营收为336.7亿美元，同比增长20%，略超预期，但较去年前三季度明显放缓。
We look at the overall figure for the fourth quarter of 2021, after setting aside the profitability of innovative business, at $33,670 billion, a 20 per cent increase over the previous quarter, slightly higher than expected, but significantly slower than the first three quarters of last year.
而净利润方面，Meta更是出现2019年二季度以来首次下滑，录得102.9亿美元，同比下滑8%，我们知道Meta传统的盈利方式主要是广告，但正如我们上文所说，其社交平台用户活跃度的下降，直接影响了营收。
In terms of net profits, Meta was the first to decline since the second quarter of 2019, recording $10.29 billion, or 8 per cent, and we know that Meta's traditional profit-making methods are mainly advertising, but, as we have said above, the decline in the activity of its social platform users has had a direct impact on revenue collection.
当然，整份财报中老业务的营收依然超过了众多互联网公司。
Of course, revenue from the old business in the entire financial statement still exceeds that of a large number of Internet companies.
但面对老业务的营收下降，开辟创新业务自然迫在眉睫，所以哪怕面临目前亏损百亿，Meta依然选择了下注元宇宙。
But in the face of the decline in the harvest of old businesses and the need to open up innovative ones, even in the face of the current loss of 10 billion dollars, Meta has chosen to bet on the universe.
各国隐私法案限制发展，需要新的故事
National privacy laws limit development and require new stories.
当我们聚焦Meta的财报时，必然会被其广告营收的占比所震惊，Meta2021财年总营收为1179.29亿美元。
When we focus on Meta's financial statements, we must be shocked by its share of advertising, which for the fiscal year 2021 was $11,79.29 million.
而其广告业务营收达到了1149.34亿美元，而现实实验室业务营收仅为22.74亿美元，其他业务营收不到8亿美元。
While its advertising operations reached $11,4934 million, actual laboratory operations received only $2,274 million and other operations received less than $800 million.
这样的营收分配自然让人好奇这巨大的广告营收究竟哪里来的，如果回看Meta过去若干年在隐私数据上栽的跟头，可能已经不胜枚举，甚至影响的人数一再扩大，从几百万到上千万，再到去年的5亿人，Meta已经被隐私泄露缠身。
Such a distribution of revenues naturally raises questions as to where the huge ads came from. If we look back at what Meta has planted on privacy data over the past few years, the number of people affected may have grown, from millions to millions, and up to 500 million last year, and that Meta has been exposed to privacy.
甚至就在其年度财报公示前，英国高官还警告称，如果Meta不遵守新的《网络安全法》，扎克伯格可能会面临更强的法律追述。
Even before its annual financial disclosure, senior British officials warned that if Meta did not comply with the new Cybersecurity Act, Zuckerberg might face stronger legal restatements.
而Meta的广告营收正是因为有用户各类数据作为支撑，简单来说当你使用其社交产品时，随着使用的频率提高，它会越来越了解你，而这份了解便会被用来作为广告推介的参考。
Meta's advertising collection is supported precisely by user data of all kinds, which, in short, becomes more and more familiar with you when you use its social products and as the frequency of its use increases, and is used as a reference for advertising.
所以当各国隐私法案越来越严苛时，Meta不得不选择考虑新的故事，毕竟如果所有国家的隐私保护都变得严苛起来，其广告收入一年的下降可能还不及元宇宙业务几年的亏损。
So, when national privacy laws become more stringent, Meta has had to choose to consider new stories, after all, if privacy protection in all countries becomes harsher, the loss in advertising revenue for one year may fall short of the losses of several years of Woncosmos operations.
?争夺下一代智能设备的软硬件场景
♪ Hardware and hardware scenes for the next generation of smart devices
如果说Meta更名是其拉开元宇宙业务的大幕，那么多年前收购Oculus则已经是未雨绸缪的壮举了。
If the name of Meta had been changed as the scene of its open-ended universe business, the acquisition of Oculus so many years ago would have been proactive.
毕竟2014年就下注VR业务，在如今看来就好比喜马拉雅资本李录先生在20年前下注比亚迪一样。
After all, the VR operation in 2014 appears today to be like Mr. Himalayan Capital Richards in Biadi 20 years ago.
当然，Meta目前在VR和AR领域的布局已经不容小觑，毕竟VR市场超过六成的份额如果在未来得到延续，那将是非常恐怖的数据。
Of course, the current configuration of Meta in the VR and AR fields is no less modest, and, after all, a 60 per cent share of the VR market would be a terrible figure if it were to continue in the future.
而据国际数据分析公司IDC最新发布的报告显示，2021年全球AR/VR头显出货量达到1123万台，市场同比增长92.1%。其中VR头显出货量达1095万台，突破年出货一千万台的行业重要拐点。
According to the latest report of the International Data Analysis Corporation IDC, the global AR/VR head showed 11.23 million shipments in 2021 and the market grew by 92.1 per cent in the same year, of which VR head showed 1,095 million shipments, breaking through 10 million important entry points in the industries that produced them each year.
而其预计2022年全球VR头显出货量将突破1573万台，同比增长43.6%。
In 2022, it is projected that the global VR head will outnumber 15.7 million, an increase of 43.6 per cent over the same period.
试想，2021全球移动智能手机年出货量为13.5亿部，不说达到同级，一旦过亿，VR硬件市场将会扶摇而上。
Imagine that 2021 global mobile smartphones produced 1.35 billion items a year, not to mention having reached the same level, and that once it passed, the VR hardware market would be rocked.
这还未包括各类相配的软件市场增长，要知道每年相配的软件市场规模同样是数万亿体量，或许Meta看到了一个趋势，甚至所有互联网巨头都看到了，否则为何相继入场？
This has not yet included the growth of the market for all the software matching, knowing that the size of the market for the software matching each year is also trillions of size. Perhaps Meta saw a trend, even for all the major Internet players, or why else did it go back and forth?
或许到现在依然会有人用Facebook“不要脸”了来嘲讽其更名为Meta的举动，但回看上文这些罗列的内容时，我们不得不感慨，巨头转身不易，但他们似乎看准了元宇宙的未来，不管是身体力行的实践，还是资本的投入，Meta都值得我们钦佩。
Perhaps it is still possible that Facebook “faceless” will be used to mock its renaming as Meta, but when we look back at the list above, we have to lament the fact that the giants are not easy to turn around, but they seem to see the future of the meta-cosmos, whether it be physical practice or capital investment that deserves our admiration.
中心化的Meta元宇宙能否成形？
Can the central meta-cosmos be formed?
尽管Meta雄心勃勃的下注元宇宙，但元宇宙强调的开放性和去中心化或许也会阻碍其创造出成为真正意义上的元宇宙，这也是被诸多元宇宙从业者所诟病的。
Despite Meta's ambitious bet on the meta-cosmos, the openness and decentralization that the meta-cosmos emphasizes may also prevent it from being created as a meta-cosmos in the true sense of the word, which is also ill by many meta-cosmists.
尤其是受到Web3熏陶的人士，毕竟Meta已经习惯了数十年的利用中心化优势来赚取资本收入，让其抛弃“惯性”似乎显得强人所难。
After all, Meta has been accustomed for decades to using its centralized advantage to earn capital income, and it seems difficult to get rid of “inertity”.
但当我们看到越来越多的所谓“中心化”巨头都开始涉猎元宇宙时，我们开始有了新的思考。
But when we see that more and more so-called “centralized” giants are beginning to be involved in hunting the meta-cosmos, we begin to think anew.
用户究竟是需要一个完全自由开放的互联网或者元宇宙，还是在便捷性与隐私性上找到新的平衡？
Do users need a completely free Internet or meta-cosmos, or do they find a new balance between convenience and privacy?
如果Meta创造出的元宇宙既符合Web3的理念，也符合大众的认知，或许故事会有新的改变。
If the metacosystem created by Meta is in line with both the concept of Web3 and the public perception, perhaps the story will change.
与诸多创业型的元宇宙公司不同，Meta更像一次“内部创业”，甚至是举全体之力的转型，他们创建的元宇宙必然更容易被用户接受。
Unlike many business-like metacosystems, Meta is more like an “internal enterprise” or even an all-power transition, and the metacosystem they create is certainly more acceptable to users.
毕竟坐拥20亿活跃用户的Meta没有人比他们更了解用户。
After all, none of the two billion active users of Meta know their users better than they do.
因此，当我们担忧Meta创造出的元宇宙不是我们所设想的，或者不是我们理想中的构建时，他们同样也会思考主流用户会需要什么，他们喜欢什么？
So, when we worry that the meta-cosm created by Meta is not what we think or what we want to build, they also think about what the mainstream users need and what they like.
而这个趣味的博弈才是Meta所面临的真正挑战。
And this fun game is the real challenge for Meta.
苹果创始人乔布斯一直坚信一个准则：用户根本不知道自己想要什么。
The founder of Apple, Jobs, has always believed in a norm: users have no idea what they want.
那么，我们想要的元宇宙究竟是什么样的，还是我们自己也不知道，就如福特汽车创始人福特的描述：如果你问19世纪末20世纪初的人要什么，他们绝不会说是汽车，而会说我要一匹跑得更快的马。
So, whether we want the meta-cosmos or we don't know ourselves, as Ford, founder of Ford, described: if you ask people at the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century, they will never say cars, but they will say that I want a horse that runs faster.
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