比特币是一种去中心化的数字货币，它的概念最初由中本聪在2008年提出，并于2009年1月3日正式诞生。比特币的价格受到多种因素的影响，包括供需、媒体报道、市场竞争、监管政策、技术创新等。在过去的十几年里，比特币经历了多次大幅波动，创造了许多传奇和悲剧。本文将回顾比特币从2009年到2023年的价格走势，分析其中的原因和影响。
Bitcoin is a decentralised digital currency, the concept of which was originally proposed by China’s Central Bank in 2008 and officially launched on 3 January 2009. Bitcoin’s prices are influenced by a number of factors, including supply and demand, media coverage, market competition, regulatory policy, and technological innovation.
比特币在2009年1月3日被创造出来，当时没有任何交易平台或市场来确定其价格。最早的比特币交易是在2009年10月12日发生的，当时一名用户以1000枚比特币换取了5.02美元的PayPal余额。这相当于每枚比特币的价格为0.005美元。随后，一些网站开始提供比特币与其他货币之间的汇率计算服务，但这些汇率并不代表真实的市场价值。
Bitcoin was created on 3 January 2009, when there was no trading platform or market to determine its price. The first bitcoin transaction took place on 12 October 2009, when a user exchanged 1,000 bitcoins for a PayPal balance of $5.02. The price was US$0.005 per bitcoin.
2010年2月6日，第一个比特币交易平台Bitcoin Market成立，开始提供比特币与美元之间的交易服务。这标志着比特币正式进入了市场。同年5月22日，一名用户以10000枚比特币购买了两个披萨，这被认为是第一个用比特币购买实物商品的案例。当时，每枚比特币的价格约为0.0025美元，两个披萨的价值约为25美元。这个事件后来被称为“比特币披萨日”，每年都会有人庆祝。
On 6 February 2010, the first Bitcoin trading platform, Bitcoin Market, was set up and began to provide trading services between bitcoin and the United States dollar. This marked the official entry of bitcoin into the market. On 22 May of the same year, a user purchased two pizzas in 10,000 bitcoins, which was considered the first case of buying goods in kind in bitcoin.
2010年7月17日，第二个比特币交易平台Mt.Gox成立，开始提供比特币与多种法定货币之间的交易服务。Mt.Gox很快成为了全球最大的比特币交易平台，占据了市场的主导地位。同年7月18日，比特币的价格突破了0.1美元的关口，开始进入快速上涨阶段。到了11月6日，每枚比特币的价格达到了0.5美元，涨幅达到了190倍。
On 17 July 2010, the second Bitcoin trading platform, Mt. Gox, was established and began to provide trading services between bitcoin and multiple legal currencies. Mt. Gox quickly became the world’s largest Bitcoin trading platform, taking the lead in the market.
2011年1月，在媒体和社交网络上对比特币的关注度逐渐增加，更多的人开始加入到比特币社区和市场中来。同时，一些竞争对手也开始出现，例如Namecoin、Litecoin等基于区块链技术的数字货币项目。这些项目试图改进或替代比特币，提供更快、更便宜、更安全或更私密的服务。
In January 2011, the attention of Bitcoin on the media and social networks gradually increased, and more people began to join the Bitcoin community and market. Meanwhile, competitors, such as Namecoin, Litecoin, and others, began to appear based on Digital Money Items for Block Chains Technologies. These projects seek to improve or replace bitcoin and provide faster, cheaper, safer or more private services.
2011年2月9日，每枚比特币的价格首次突破了1美元，达到了1.06美元。随后，在4月份出现了一次短暂而剧烈的波动，每枚比特币的价格在4月16日达到了1.96美元，在4月23日暴跌至0.67美元，在4月27日又反弹至3.53美元。这种波动可能是由于Mt.Gox平台遭受黑客攻击，导致部分用户的账户被盗用或冻结所致。
On 9 February 2011, for the first time, the price of each bitcoin passed by US$ 1.06. Then, in April, there was a brief and dramatic fluctuation, with prices reaching US$ 1.96 per bitcoin on 16 April, a sharp fall to US$ 0.67 on 23 April and a rebound to US$ 3.53 on 27 April. This volatility may be due to the hacking of the Mt.Gox platform, which resulted in the misappropriation or freezing of accounts of some users.
2011年5月，比特币开始吸引了主流媒体的注意，一些知名的杂志和网站对比特币进行了报道，例如《时代》、《纽约时报》、《福布斯》等。这些报道提高了比特币的知名度和信誉，也刺激了更多的投资者和用户的兴趣。同时，一些新的比特币交易平台和服务商也开始出现，例如TradeHill、BitInstant、BitPay等。这些平台和服务商为比特币提供了更多的流动性和便利性，也增加了比特币的需求。
In May 2011, Bitcoin began to attract the attention of the mainstream media, with prominent magazines and websites, such as Times, The New York Times, Forbes, and so on. These stories raised the visibility and credibility of Bitcoin and stimulated the interest of more investors and users.
2011年6月，比特币的价格达到了历史新高，每枚比特币的价格在6月8日突破了30美元，达到了31.91美元。这是比特币的第一次牛市，也是第一次出现了泡沫。在6月19日，Mt.Gox平台再次遭受黑客攻击，导致大量比特币被盗或贬值。这次事件引发了市场的恐慌，导致比特币的价格在短短几天内暴跌至10美元以下。这是比特币的第一次熊市，也是第一次出现了崩盘。
In June 2011, the price of Bitcoin reached an all-time high, reaching $30 per bitcoin on 8 June, reaching $31.91. This was the first cattle market in Bitcoin, the first of its kind, and the first of its kind. On June 19, the Mt.Gox platform was hit again by hackers, resulting in a large number of bitcoins being stolen or devalued. The incident triggered a panic in the market, causing Bitcoin’s price to collapse to below $10 in just a few days.
2011年7月至2012年12月，比特币的价格在10美元左右波动，没有出现太大的变化。这段时间内，比特币社区和市场主要关注的是技术创新和监管问题。一方面，一些新的技术和功能被开发出来，例如分叉、隔离见证、闪电网络等，旨在提高比特币的性能和可扩展性。另一方面，一些国家和地区开始对比特币进行监管或禁止，例如美国、中国、欧盟等，旨在防止比特币被用于非法或犯罪活动。
Between July 2011 and December 2012, the price of Bitcoin fluctuated at around $10, without much change. During this period, Bitcoin communities and markets were mainly concerned with technological innovation and regulation. On the one hand, new technologies and functions, such as forks, isolation witnesses, lightning networks, etc., were developed to improve Bitcoin performance and scalability. On the other hand, some countries and regions began to regulate or prohibit bitcoin, such as the United States, China, the European Union, etc., in order to prevent Bitcoin from being used for illegal or criminal activities.
2013年1月至4月，比特币的价格重新开始上涨，在4月10日达到了266美元的峰值。这次上涨的原因可能是由于塞浦路斯银行危机引发了对法定货币信任度下降和对数字货币需求增加的情绪。同时，一些新兴市场也开始对比特币表现出兴趣，例如中国、印度、巴西等。这些国家和地区有着庞大的人口和潜在的市场空间，为比特币提供了更多的机会和挑战。
Between January and April 2013, the price of Bitcoin rose again, reaching a peak of $266 on 10 April. This rise may be due to a sense of declining confidence in the legal currency and increased demand for digital money caused by the banking crisis in Cyprus.
2013年4月11日至7月5日，比特币的价格经历了一次大幅回调，在7月5日跌至65.53美元。这是CoinMarketCap记录的比特币历史最低价。这次回调的原因可能是由于市场过热、投机者抛售、技术故障等因素造成的。
From 11 April to 5 July 2013, the price of Bitcoin went through a major round-up, falling to $65.53 on 5 July. This is the lowest price ever recorded by CoinMarketCap. This round-up may be due to overheating of the market, speculators selling it, technology failure, etc.
2013年7月6日至11月30日，比特币的价格再次开始上涨，在11月30日达到了1242美元的峰值。这次上涨的原因可能是由于美国参议院就数字货币举行听证会，并给予了比较积极和开放的态度。同时，中国也成为了全球最大的比特币交易市场，并推动了比特币价格的上涨。
Between 6 July and 30 November 2013, the price of Bitcoin rose again, reaching a peak of $1242 on 30 November. The rise could be explained by a hearing by the United States Senate on digital money, with a more positive and open attitude.
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