本报记者 邢 萌
“比特币价格（以下称比特币）破2万美元，创历史新高！”12月16日晚，这一突发行情令币圈沸腾。
“The Bitcoin price (hereinafter “bitcoin”) broke 20,000 dollars to an all-time high!” On the evening of 16 December, this sudden move bred the currency.
区块链媒体们拿出准备已久的海报或文章，纷纷刷屏朋友圈。在它们眼中，2万美元是意料中的价格，早在上个月比特币1.9万美元时就已做好了迎接这一时刻的准备。
The block chain media produced well-prepared posters or articles, swipeing the circle of friends. In their eyes, $20,000 was an unexpected price, and was ready to meet this moment as early as last month when Bitcoin was $19,000.
另一端，比特币2万美元刺激了大量个人投资者涌入加密数字币市场。记者了解到，多家加密数字币交易平台由此出现了卡顿或宕机现象。这波由机构资金推动的涨势正在悄然变阵，个人投资者不断加大筹码，市场热度持续攀升。
At the other end of the spectrum, 20 million dollars in Bitcoin stimulated a massive influx of private investors into the encrypted digital currency market. Journalists learned that a number of encrypted digital currency trading platforms have led to the phenomenon of katton or crashes.
比特币价格屡创新高也反映出市场的狂热。突破2万美元后，12月17日比特币价格一路狂飙，并站上2.3万美元，比特币总价值突破4000亿美元。
Bitcoin prices have been innovative and high, reflecting market fanaticism. After a breakthrough of $20,000, Bitcoins prices surged on December 17 and stood at $230 million, with a total Bitcoins worth over $400 billion.
有交易平台流量上涨30倍
There's a 30-fold increase in trading platform traffic
对于币圈而言，12月16日是个值得铭记的日子。
For the currency ring, 16 December was a day worth remembering.
当日晚间，比特币首次突破20000美元，创下了历史最高价格。据加密数字币行情网站CoinMarketCap，北京时间12月16日21时50分许，比特币价格突破2万美元大关，创下了自比特币诞生11年来的最高价格。
In the evening of that day, Bitcoin made its first breakthrough of $200, the highest price in history. According to the encrypted digital currency site CoinMarketCap, on December 16, Beijing time, at 21.50 p.m., Bitcoin passed the $20,000 mark, setting the highest price in the 11 years since Bitcoin was born.
从2010年5月22日比特币初始公允价格0.0025美元到2万美元，10年间比特币价格涨幅竟达800万倍。
From an initial fair price of US$ 0.0025 to US$ 20,000 on 22 May 2010, the price of Bitcoin increased by 8 million times over a 10-year period.
正是由于“造富”效应显著，比特币被众多投资者追捧。此次上涨的一大推手也正是机构资金。
It is precisely because of the “riching” effect that Bitcoin has been pursued by a large number of investors. One of the main drivers of this rise is institutional capital.
OKEx Research首席研究员对《证券日报》记者表示：“最新的数据显示，灰度基金的GBTC产品的总持仓量已经接近57万个比特币，相较于6月初的36万个持仓量，不到半年的时间增长了58%。这表明在今年下半年，大量的机构资金开始涌入比特币领域。”
The principal researcher, OKEx Research, said to the Daily Securities Journal journalist: “The latest data show that the combined holdings of the Greyscale Fund's GBTC products are close to 570,000 bitcoins, an increase of 58 per cent in less than half a year, compared with 360,000 at the beginning of June. This suggests that in the second half of this year, significant institutional funds began to flow into the Bitcoin area.”
据介绍，GBTC产品的一级市场申购只面向合格投资者，根据其第三季度的财报显示，有80%的客户是机构投资者（主要是对冲基金），是一个观测机构资金入场的指标。
According to the presentation, the first-level market requisition for GBTC products was for qualified investors only, and according to their third quarter financial statements, 80 per cent of clients were institutional investors (mainly hedge funds), an indicator of financial access for observation agencies.
记者获悉，12月16日晚，当比特币价格突破2万美元大关后，大量个人投资者开始涌入加密数字币市场，一度造成币安、火币等多家加密数字币交易平台出现卡顿或宕机现象。
Journalists were informed that, on the night of 16 December, when the price of Bitcoin had broken through the $20,000 mark, a large number of private investors had begun to flood into the encrypted digital currency market, causing, at one point, the occurrence of Katon or the crashing of several encrypted digital currency trading platforms, such as currency security, and currency coins.
据了解，当日晚间，知名交易平台币安CEO赵长鹏发推特表示，该平台流量上涨了30倍，遇到了一些扩展问题与延迟，目前已经修复，未来需要添加更多的服务器。
It is understood that in the evening of the same day, the well-known trading platform, CEO Zhao Chang Peng, tweeped on Twitter, said that the platform had increased its traffic 30 times, encountered some expansion problems and delays, that it had been repaired and that additional servers would need to be added in the future.
对此，上述首席研究员认为，这表明市场的投资主力可能会出现结构性变化，由机构投资者转向个人投资者。市场的亢奋狂热情绪进一步被放大，可能会导致比特币价格出现大的波动，希望市场投资者保持理性，不要随便加杠杆。
In response, the above-mentioned chief researcher argued that this suggests a possible structural shift in the investment backbone of the market from institutional investors to individual investors. The market’s exuberance is further magnified, which could lead to large fluctuations in bitcoin prices and hope that market investors will remain rational and not leverage.
政策环境改善助推币价上涨
除了机构资金的进入，各国监管政策环境的改善也是推涨比特币的诱因。
In addition to the entry of institutional funds, improvements in the regulatory policy environment in various countries have been an incentive to boost Bitcoin.
力研咨询公司创始人谷燕西对《证券日报》记者分析称，最近，新加坡和中国香港分别批准合规的加密数字币的交易服务，这两个地区的机构投资者和高净值客户能够以合法的方式参与比特币的交易。
Tanxi, the founder of RSR, analysed the Daily Securities Journal journalists and stated that recently, Singapore and Hong Kong, China, respectively, approved business services for compliant encrypted digital currency and that institutional investors and high-net customers in both regions were able to participate in Bitcoin transactions in a legal manner.
在美国市场中，CME计划在明年推出基于以太坊的期货交易，PayPal开始向其用户提供比特币的买卖服务。这些因素都使市场预期会有大量的资金流入比特币交易市场，因此将比特币推向了历史新高。
In the US market, CME plans to launch futures trading based on Ether next year, and PayPal has started to provide its users with bitcoin sales services. These factors have led the market to expect large amounts of money to flow into the bitcoin trading market, thus pushing bitcoin to an all-time high.
在国内，比特币交易行为受到严格监管。2018年1月17日，央行营业管理部支付结算处下发《关于开展为非法虚拟货币交易提供支付服务自查整改工作的通知》，明确“严禁为虚拟货币交易提供服务，并采取有效措施防止支付通道用于虚拟货币交易”。2018年以来，国内173家加密数字币交易及代币发行融资平台已全部无风险退出，整治效果非常明显。
Domestically, Bitcoin transactions are strictly regulated. On 17 January 2018, the Central Bank’s Department of Business Management issued a circular on the conduct of self-rectification operations for payment services for illegal virtual currency transactions, stating that “the provision of services for virtual currency transactions is strictly prohibited and effective measures are taken to prevent payment channels from being used for virtual currency transactions.” Since 2018, 173 of the country’s encrypted digital currency transactions and money distribution financing platforms have been completely risk-free, with significant corrective effects.
从法律层面上来看，比特币被认定为网络虚拟财产，受到法律保护。
At the legal level, Bitcoin is recognized as a virtual property of the Internet and is protected by law.
北京路宁律师事务所刑事部主任丁飞鹏对记者表示，近期一例比特币财产损害赔偿案入选全国法院系统2020年度优秀案例具有典型意义，该案判决认为，比特币具备虚拟财产、虚拟商品的属性，应受到法律的保护。该案判决中对比特币财产属性的认定、对涉比特币案件的司法救济等内容，获得了最高人民法院层面的认可，其典型性和指导性，也将会对全国法院系统在未来的涉比特币案件审判实践中产生深远的影响。
The director of the criminal department of Luning's law firm in Beijing, Ding Fei Peng, told journalists that a recent case of damages for property in Bitcoin was typical of the national court system in 2020, where the judgement held that Bitcoin had the attributes of virtual property, virtual merchandise, and should be protected by the law. The determination of the property properties of Bitcoin, judicial remedies in the case of Witco, etc. in this case, was recognized at the level of the Supreme People's Court, and that its typical and guiding nature would also have a far-reaching impact on the future trial practice of the country's court system in the case of Bitcoin.
不过，比特币价格波动较大，并不适合普通人投资。
However, the price of bitcoin is highly volatile and not suitable for investment by ordinary people.
丁飞鹏解释道：“与普通的商品相比，比特币有其自身的特点，比如不由央行或任何金融机构发行、由投机者大量使用，零售和商业市场使用相对较少，全天不间断交易，没有涨跌限制，价格容易受庄家、各国政府政策的影响而大幅波动，作为普通投资者要根据自己的风险承受能力，谨慎投资。”
Ding Feipen explains: “By comparison with ordinary goods, Bitcoin has its own characteristics, such as not being issued by a central bank or any financial institution, being used extensively by speculators, relatively little use in retail and commercial markets, uninterrupted trading on a day-to-day basis, with no upward and downward restrictions, price volatility that are easily influenced by the policies of dealers and Governments, and prudent investment as an ordinary investor based on its own risk tolerance.”
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