10年前，鄂尔多斯一度是中国最大的鬼城，到处是未完成或空置的建筑物，现在，拥有200万人口的鄂尔多斯已经成为世界比特币矿业中心。
Ten years ago, when Ordos was once the largest ghost city in China, with unfinished or vacant buildings everywhere, Ordos, with a population of 2 million, has become the world's centre for bitcoin mining.
在位于鄂尔多斯城镇郊区的一个工业园区，约有8座8层的虚拟货币采集工厂，其中，七座用于比特币挖掘，拥有21,000台机器，占全球比特币网络处理能力的近4％。
In an industrial park located on the outskirts of the town of Ordos, there are about eight eight-storey virtual money-collection plants, seven of which are used for bitcoin excavations, with 21,000 machines, or nearly 4 per cent of the global Bitcoin network processing capacity.
一座致力于litecoin的采集，拥有4000台机器，这是一种替代的数字货币，近几个月来一直在上涨。
A collection dedicated to litecoin, with 4,000 machines, is an alternative digital currency that has been rising in recent months.
1.投资比特币只是一场赌博
1. Investment in bitcoin is a gamble.
该矿由北京比特曼科技的子公司经营，在2015年，该公司从其以前的业主接管了比特币挖掘工厂，这被称为世界上最古老的大型比特币矿。
The mine is operated by a Beijing subsidiary of Bitman Technologies, which in 2015 took over from its former owners the Bitcoin excavation plant, known as the world's oldest large Bitcoin mine.
28岁的韩雷表示，这是“只是一场赌博”，自矿开始以来，一直在追捧这些机器。由于他认为现在比特币在4000美元左右的价格太高，所以他已经规避了比特币。
Twenty-eight-year-old Han Ray says it's “only a gamble” and he's been following these machines since the beginning of the mine. Because he thinks that bitcoins are now too high at about $4,000, he has avoided bitcoins.
现在，他转而投资litecoin和其他数字货币，已经投资了2万元。
Now he has invested $20,000 instead of litecoin and other digital currencies.
2.世界上最大的比特币矿场——安丘尔
The world's largest bitcoin mine, Anchur.
世界上最大的比特币矿山之一位于内蒙古自治区鄂尔多斯市郊区的三门良工业园区。该矿属于位于北京的Bitmain公司，能使采矿机每秒执行数十亿次计算，尝试破解产生新的比特币的加密拼图。
One of the world’s largest bitcoin mines is located on the outskirts of the city of Ordos in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. The mine belongs to the Beijing-based Bitmain company, which allows mining machines to perform billions of calculations every second, trying to decipher the new encrypted bitcoin puzzle.
50位工作人员，每天24小时监测8个建筑物挤满了的25,000台机器。其中一个建筑物致力于litecoin采矿。大楼内带有宿舍，办公室，食堂和维修中心。
One of the buildings is dedicated to mining litecoin. The building contains dormitories, offices, canteens and maintenance centres.
比特币矿业消耗大量的电力，这就是为什么矿主们寻求提供廉价能源的地方。鄂尔多斯矿厂于2014年建成，是中国历史最悠久的大型比特币矿山设施。
The Bitcoin mine consumes a great deal of electricity, and that is why miners seek a place to provide cheap energy. The Ordos mine, which was built in 2014, is China’s oldest large Bitcoin mining facility.
Bitmain在2015年收购了它。它由燃煤发电厂的电力供电。其每日电费为39000美元。Bitmain还在中国偏远地区开展其他矿厂，如南部的云南省以及东部的新疆自治区。
Bitmain acquired it in 2015. It is powered by coal-fired power plants. The daily cost of electricity is $39,000. Bitmain also operates other mines in remote areas of China, such as Yunnan Province in the south and Xinjiang Autonomous Region in the east.
尽管成本很高，但比特币矿业仍然是一个有利可图的行业。在当前每比特币约4,000美元的比特币价格下，矿工们每天都在争取超过700万美元的新比特币。
Despite its high cost, the Bitcoin mining industry remains a profitable industry. At the current price of about $4,000 per bitcoin, miners compete for over $7 million a day in new bitcoins.
采矿作业控制的加工能力越强，获得这些数百万的机会就越高。鄂尔多斯矿业在比特币网络处理能力的4％以上，具备全球顶级的比特币挖掘水平。
The greater the processing capacity controlled by mining operations, the higher the chances of obtaining these millions of dollars. The Ordos mine has more than 4 per cent of its capacity in the Bitcoin network, with the highest levels of Bitcoin excavation worldwide.
3.拥有的机器越多，赚取比特币的机会就越大
The more machines you have, the greater the chance of getting bitcoin.
在比特币经济中，时间真的是金钱。每10分钟左右，采矿机械相互争夺数学问题，赢得12.5比特币，这是由比特币软件设定的奖励。
In bitcoin, time is really money. Every 10 minutes or so, mining machines compete for mathematics, winning 12.5 bitcoins, a reward set by bitcoin software.
这项工作类似于在一个保险箱上尝试数十亿的数字组合。获得正确组合的矿工最快地解锁了保险箱。你拥有的机器越多，赚取硬币的机会就越大。
It's kind of like trying billions of digital combinations in a safe. The right combination of miners unlocks the safe the fastest. The more machines you have, the greater the chance of earning coins.
考虑到这一点，矿工们尽量确保每一台机器24小时工作。因此，最重要的工作是在维护，营运维修部门有20人昼夜工作，用笔记本电脑进入现场监控机器的状态。
With this in mind, miners try to ensure that each machine works 24 hours a day. Therefore, the most important task is to maintain, operate and maintain 20 people working day and night, using laptops into the state of the live surveillance machine.
4.维修速度赶不上机器故障出现速度
4. The speed of maintenance does not keep pace with the failure of the machine
矿场的25,000台设备24小时在运转，所以机器故障此起彼伏，运维部门的20个人处理都处理不完。
The 25,000 pieces of equipment at the mine were in operation 24 hours a day, so the machine was out of order and 20 people in the transport sector could not be processed.
需要一整天的时间才能检查一遍7个比特币矿厂，每座矿场有50排货架，每排有60台机器，平均来说，每座矿场每天会有10多台机器出现故障。
It takes a full day to examine seven bitcoin mines, each with 50 rows of cargo, each with 60 machines, and on average more than 10 machines per day per mine.
这个数字在特别炎热的天气中增加了一倍以上，因为机器过热就像大多数电脑一样，会自动奔溃。七月中旬，鄂尔多斯的气温一度达到36°C，韩说当时没有办法赶上机器故障。
This number has more than doubled in particularly hot weather, because the heat of the machine, like most computers, will run automatically. At one point in July, Ordos had a temperature of 36°C, and Han said that there was no way to catch up with the machine.
5.地方政府提供了30％的电价优惠
Local governments provide 30 per cent discount on electricity prices
比特币矿和工业公司有一个共同点：他们使用了大量的电力。他说，地方政府已经把Bitmain和几家“云服务”公司作为重点扶持企业，给他们提供了30％的电价优惠。
Bitcoin and industrial companies had one thing in common: they used a lot of electricity. He said that local governments had focused on supporting businesses with Bitmain and several “Cloud Services” companies, providing 30 per cent discounts on electricity prices.
但是，采矿场每小时使用40兆瓦的电力，相当于同期12,000个家庭的用电量。即使有折扣，它每天还是要花大约39,000美元的电费。鄂尔多斯的电力大多来自附近的燃煤发电厂，这些发电厂提供了一个稳定和恒定的电力来源。
However, mining sites use 40 megawatts of electricity per hour, equivalent to 12,000 households during the same period. Even with discounts, it costs about $39,000 a day. Ordos’s electricity comes mostly from nearby coal-fired power plants, which provide a stable and constant source of electricity.
另外，中国较不发达的地区，如西部的新疆自治区，云南，四川等省，最近也受到比特币矿工的欢迎。新疆的电力也主要来自煤电厂，而云南和四川则从水力发电大坝提供廉价可再生能源。
In addition, China’s less developed regions, such as the Western Xinjiang Autonomous Region, Yunnan, Sichuan, and others, have recently been welcomed by bitcoin miners. Xinjiang’s electricity comes mainly from coal power plants, while Yunnan and Sichuan provide cheap renewable energy from hydroelectric dams.
来源：三分钟学经营
Source: 3-minute operation
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