2018年绝对是「转变」之年。随着多国货币政策持续趋紧、推动息口正常化，持续近10年的超低息、资金泛滥的环境步向落幕。同时，为刺激实体经济增长，环球财政政策逐渐有转向宽鬆迹象，港府亦提出多项于股市、楼市及市民生活注入新活力的利民措施。香港文匯报财经部根据事件的标誌性、社会关注度、对经济发展推进作用等标準，选出香港2018年经济大事。
At the same time, worldwide fiscal policy has shown signs of easing in order to stimulate real economic growth, and the Hong Kong government has proposed a number of measures to revitalize the stock market, the building city, and the lives of its citizens. The Hong Kong Ministry of Finance and Economics has selected Hong Kong’s economic events for 2018 on the basis of such criteria as the significance of events, social concerns, and the impact on economic development.
港股创歷史新高
Hong Kong shares are at an all-time high
恒生指数在1月份屡创新高，于2018年1月29日更曾高见33,484点，刷新港股史上最高纪录，可惜后继无力迅速回落逾500点，收报32,966点。
The Hengsheng Index, which was innovatively high in January, was even higher on 29 January 2018 at 33,484 points, the highest record in the history of the new Hong Kong stock, but failed to quickly return to over 500 points and received 32,966.
李嘉誠3月16日宣布退休
Li Jia-Jing announced his retirement on March 16,
2018年3月16日香港首富、长和系前主席李嘉诚宣布退休，由他的长子李泽鉅接任长和系主席一职。
On 16 March 2018, Hong Kong's richest, oldest and former President, Li Jiachen, announced his retirement and his eldest son, Li Zejin, took over the post of Chairman of the Ministry.
金管局入市挺港匯
the Hong Kong Bank >
4月12日港元匯率触及7.85的弱方兑换保证，金管局2005年以来首次承接港元沽盘。截至8月，入市涉资超过950亿元，银行体系结余由1,800亿元水平降至不足900亿元。
On April 12, the Hong Kong Dollar Transit rate reached the weak exchange guarantee of 7.85, with the Hong Kong Monetary Authority taking over the Hong Kong dollar for the first time since 2005. As of August, more than $95 billion had been invested in the market, and the balance of the banking system had fallen from $180 billion to less than $90 billion.
小米成首隻「特權股」
港交所「同股不同权」新规实施后第一股小米集团（1810）2018年7月9日上市，发行价每股17元。「同股不同权」股份明年中将纳入港股通。
The first rice group (1810) was listed on July 9, 2018 at a price of $17 per share following the implementation of the new Hong Kong Trade Office regulation on "Segregation of Equity". The shares of "Segregated Equity" will be incorporated into the Hong Kong Stock Exchange in the course of next year.
逾12年來首加息
first interest increase for more than 12 years
香港银行逾12年来首次加息，2018年9月27日香港大部分银行宣布加息0.125厘，最优惠利率(P)升至5.125厘。是自美国于2015年12月踏入加息周期以来香港首次加息。
The Bank of Hong Kong raised interest rates for the first time in more than 12 years, and on 27 September 2018 most Hong Kong banks announced an interest increase of 0.125 and the most favourable interest rate (P) rose to 5.125. This is the first increase since the United States entered the interest increase cycle in December 2015.
「股王」騰訊落難
腾讯(0700)失落「股王」地位，2018年10月30日腾讯股价最低曾见251.4元，与歷史高位476.6元相比，大跌逾47%。
The loss of the status of "sharelord" (0700) was recorded at a low value of $251.4 on 30 October 2018, which represents a significant decline of more than 47 per cent compared with the historic high of $476.6.
人民幣貶值加劇
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2018年11月1日，离岸人民币匯率一度跌至6.98关口，创2017年1月以来新低。
On 1 November 2018, the offshore renminbi rate fell to 6.98, a new low since January 2017.
樓價指數見頂回落
香港楼价连跌3个月，2018年11月30日差饷物业估价署公布，10月私人住宅售价指数报380.3点，按月跌近2.4%，跌幅较9月的1.3%明显扩大。
The Hong Kong Building price fell three months after it was announced by the Post Pay Industry Valuation Agency on 30 November 2018, and the private residential price index for October, at 380.3 points, fell by nearly 2.4 per cent per month, a significant increase from 1.3 per cent in September.
香港IPO額全球第一
Hong Kong's IPO's number one in the world.
香港2018年IPO将重登全球榜首位置，2018年12月11日毕马威会计师事务所公布，预计香港今年IPO额会达3,000亿元。
Hong Kong will return to the top of the global list of IPOs in 2018, and the KPMG announced on 11 December 2018 that this year Hong Kong is expected to have an IPO of 300 billion yuan.
比特幣今年崩盤
This year's collapse of the Bitcoins.
2018年12月15日比特币最低见3,160.10美元，创15个月新低，比2017年12月17日20,089.00美元高位，暴泻84.27%。香港证监会在2018年11月1日宣布，计划将虚拟货币产品纳入规管範围。
On December 15, 2018, the lowest figure was US$ 3,160.10, a 15-month low, up from US$ 20,089.00 on December 17, 2017, with a blizzard of 84.27%. The CSRC announced on November 1, 2018 that it plans to include virtual currency products.
林鄭房策六招
Six moves from the strong to the strong to the strong.
2018年6月29日，行政长官林郑月娥公布房屋政策六招，其中包括居屋订价由市价七折出售，调整至五二折出售，居屋与市价脱鈎；同时加入空置税，向一手私人住宅徵收「额外差饷」等。
On 29 June 2018, the Chief Executive, Lin Jung-hoon, announced six moves in the housing policy, including the sale of the house at a market price of 70%, the sale of the house at a market price of 50%, and the loss of the house from the market price; and the inclusion of an empty tax and the receipt of an “additional salary” from one-hand private residence.
山頂地王流標
mountain tops.
有「山顶地王」之称的山顶文辉道12号豪宅地皮，由于地价标金未达到政府就该用地所定的底价，地政总署于2018年10月16日公布流标。撇除2016年元朗凹头蚊型官地流标，对上一次较具指标官地流标，为4年前的白石角地皮。
On October 16, 2018, the State Administration announced a drift sign, known as "The Top of the Hill", on the 12th Mandarin Road, because the price of the land did not reach the government’s lowest price for the land. In addition to the 2016 official tumbled mosquito landmarks, the last more targeted landmark was a white-stone plot four years ago.
中美爆貿易戰
The Chinese-American explosive trade war.
美国总统特朗普2018年3月8日宣布对包括来自中国等国家的进口钢铁和铝分别徵收25%和10%的关税，打响了中美贸易战的第一枪。3月22日又签署总统备忘录，对500亿美元中国进口商品徵收关税，正式开启了这场旷日持久的中美贸易战。中美首脑12月1日于阿根廷G20峰会结束后举行闭门会谈，双方同意休战，重回谈判桌。
On March 8, 2018, US President Trump announced a 25% and a 10% tariff on imports of steel and aluminium, including from China, which hit the first shot at the Chinese-American trade battle. On March 22, another presidential memorandum was signed to charge US$ 50 billion in Chinese imports, officially opening this long-standing Chinese-American trade war. On December 1, at the end of Argentina’s G-20 summit, Chinese-American leaders met in closed session and agreed to a truce and to return to the negotiating table.
「轉數快」推出
Launch
2018年香港在促进金融科技发展方面落实多项措施。其中，2018年12月7日，金管局宣布接获首批30份虚拟银行牌照申请，料约6至7间机构可顺利过关，最快明年首季发牌。另外，金管局推出的快速支付系统「转数快（FPS）」于2018年9月30日正式开通，「转数快」可支援不同银行和不同电子支付系统间的小额转账，用户只需使用电话号码、电邮地址或二维码(QR Code)作账户代码，即可进行即时转账，毋须任何手续费，除了港币外，还支援人民币交易，「转数快（FPS）」令香港成为全球首个支援港元及人民币「双币」跨行即时转账服务的地区，也是香港金融科技发展重要一环。
In 2018, Hong Kong implemented a number of measures to promote financial science and technology. Among these, on 7 December 2018, the Hong Kong Monetary Authority announced the receipt of the first 30 applications for virtual bank licence plates, which would allow approximately six to seven institutions to pass smoothly, as soon as possible in the first quarter of next year. In addition, the fast-track payment system introduced by the Hong Kong Monetary Authority was launched on 30 September 2018, making Hong Kong the world’s first supporting port dollar and the People’s Currency “double currency” off-the-shelf transfer service and an important link in the development of Hong Kong’s financial science and technology by using a telephone number, e-mail address or QR Code.
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