元宇宙概念是什么意思 元宇宙到底是个啥 元宇宙离我们还有多远

近来，元宇宙成为科技圈和资本圈大热的话题。腾讯、字节跳动等纷纷进入相关领域，国外脸书、微软、英伟达等科技公司也均已布局。多名受访人士认为，元宇宙作为虚拟世界和现实世界融合的载体，蕴含社交、内容、游戏、办公等场景变革的巨大机遇。

In recent times, Yuan cosmopolitans have become a hot topic for technology and capital circles. Technology companies like Facebook, Microsoft, and British Weida have been deployed in various fields, such as tethers, bytes, etc. Many interviewees have argued that the Yuan cosmos, as a vehicle for virtual and real world integration, has great opportunities for social, content, games, office changes, etc.

元宇宙到底是啥？对互联网来说意味着什么？它会催生一个怎样的“平行世界”？

What exactly is the meta-cosmos? What does it mean for the Internet? What kind of parallel world does it give rise to?

宸境科技使用空间智能和虚拟现实技术，将一座设计出来的儿童游乐园叠加在公司办公楼实景之上。新华社记者 马晓澄摄

Using space intelligence and virtual reality technology, Xinhua News Agency journalist Ma Xiaocheng added a designed children's playground to the landscape of the company's office.

1 设备、应用、游戏……

1 Devices, applications, games

科技公司纷纷布局元宇宙

The strong technology company has made a great deal of the universe.

今年3月，腾讯投资的元宇宙概念股罗布乐思（Roblox）上市首日即大涨，其多人在线创作游戏《Roblox》兼容了虚拟世界、休闲游戏和自建内容。早在去年年底，腾讯董事会主席兼首席执行官马化腾在腾讯的内部刊物上发文称：“一个令人兴奋的机会正在到来，移动互联网十年发展，即将迎来下一波升级，我们称之为全真互联网。”

In March of this year, Roblox’s first day on the market, Roblox’s concept of the meta-cosmology of investment, whose online creation game Roblox is compatible with virtual worlds, leisure games, and self-building. As early as the end of last year, the President of the Board of Directors and Chief Executive Officer Matheson wrote in an internal journal of the Circulation: “A exciting opportunity is coming, a decade of mobile Internet development is approaching the next wave of upgrading, which we call the whole Internet.”

今年8月，字节跳动收购了中国虚拟现实设备公司Pico（小鸟看看）。4月，字节跳动投资了元宇宙概念公司“代码乾坤”。此外，网易、莉莉丝、米哈游等公司也都有跟元宇宙相关的布局。

In August of this year, the bytes jumped to acquire Chinese virtual reality equipment, Pico. In April, the bytes jumped to invest in meta-cosm concept, the code code.

除了互联网巨头和游戏公司外，一些初创公司也已早有布局。

In addition to the Internet giants and game companies, some of the start-up companies have been pre-positioned.

两年前，当宸境科技创始人胡闻和他两位同学一起在广州南沙创办公司时，没有料到短短两年，一个全球性科技风口已经来到眼前——元宇宙。现在，他们正在打造元宇宙的“数字底座”，将真实世界转换成计算机可以识别的“数字语言”，并在此基础上叠加各种虚拟应用。

Two years ago, when the founder of Xinjiang Technologies started a company in Nansha, Guangzhou, with his two classmates, it was not expected that only two years later, a global technology wind had come to the surface — the metaspace. Now, they are building the “digital base” of the meta-cosmos, transforming the real world into a computer-recognizable “digital language” and consolidating virtual applications on that basis.

举个例子：站在广州市南沙区内已经建好的明珠开发大厦上俯瞰，眼前的明珠湾灵山岛尖还处在开发阶段。但通过虚拟现实设备或者平板电脑，人们可以清楚看到，已经规划但尚未建成的建筑以1:1比例叠加在现有实景上面——这是宸境科技为当地政府打造的一个“镜像世界”。

By way of example, standing on the well-established Ming Ju Development Building in Nansha, Guangzhou City, is still in its development stage. But through virtual reality devices or tablet computers, one can see clearly that the buildings that have been planned but have not yet been built are added to the existing landscape at a scale of 1:1 – a “shadowed world” for local governments.

宸境科技给广州南沙明珠湾灵山岛尖做的“镜像世界”。受访者供图

"The mirror world" is made by Quantico Technologies for the edges of Mount Ling Island, Sanding Pearl Bay, South Guangzhou.

“通过元宇宙的构建，真实世界的信息将得到虚拟世界的极大补充，人类与虚拟世界的互动方式将得到全新提升，在此基础上将诞生充满想象空间的商业模式，游戏、社交、娱乐、消费等都会发生质变。”胡闻说。

“In the construction of the meta-cosmos, the message of the real world will be greatly supplemented by the virtual world, and the way in which human beings interact with the virtual world will be completely upgraded, on the basis of which business models full of imagination will be born, with qualitative changes in games, socialization, entertainment, consumption, etc.” Nonsense.

在国际上，脸书、微软、英伟达等科技公司纷纷布局。当地时间10月28日，美国脸书公司创始人马克·扎克伯格宣布公司改名为Meta以专注元宇宙业务。脸书近年来大手笔投资虚拟现实和增强现实技术，开发虚拟现实耳机、增强现实眼镜和腕表等硬件产品。

On October 28, local time, the founder of Facebook, Mark Zuckerberg, announced that the company would be renamed Meta to focus on meta-cosm business. Facebook has invested heavily in virtual reality and reality-enhancing technology in recent years, developing hardware products such as virtual reality headphones, enhanced real-world glasses, and wristwatch.

今年5月，微软首席执行官萨蒂亚·纳德拉表示公司正在努力打造一个“企业元宇宙”。8月，图像处理和人工智能芯片生产商英伟达宣布，推出全球首个为元宇宙建立提供基础的模拟和协作平台。

In May this year, Microsoft CEO Satya Nadera said that the company was working to build a “business dollar universe.” In August, the image processing and artificial intelligence chip producer, Invida, announced the launch of the first global simulation and collaboration platform that would provide the basis for the creation of a metacosystem.

2 底层技术日渐成熟

2 Bottom technologies are becoming more mature

现实与虚拟密切融合

那么，到底什么是元宇宙？

So, what's a metroscosm?

元宇宙概念最早出现在1992年美国作家尼尔·斯蒂芬森的科幻小说《雪崩》中。小说描绘了一个平行于现实世界的虚拟数字世界——“元界”。现实世界中的人在“元界”中都有一个虚拟分身，人们通过控制这个虚拟分身来相互竞争以提高自己的地位。

The concept of the meta-cosm was first found in the science fiction novel "Avalanche" by the American writer Neil Stephenson in 1992. The novel depicts a virtual digital world parallel to the real world — the meta-region. People in the real world have a virtual bipolar, and people compete with each other to improve their position by controlling this virtual bipolar.

事实上，当前科技界对元宇宙并无一个公认的权威定义。清华大学新闻与传播学院教授沈阳认为，元宇宙是整合多种新技术而产生的新型虚实相融的互联网应用和社会形态，它基于扩展现实技术提供沉浸式体验，以及数字孪生技术生成现实世界的镜像，通过区块链技术搭建经济体系，将虚拟世界与现实世界在经济系统、社交系统、身份系统上密切融合，并且允许每个用户进行内容生产和编辑。

Indeed, there is currently no recognized and authoritative definition of the meta-cosm. Professor Shenyang of the University of Qinghua School of Journalism and Communication argues that the meta-cosmos is a new, virtual Internet application and social shape that integrates new technologies, provides a immersion experience based on the expansion of reality technologies, and digital twin technologies generate a mirror of the real world, builds economic systems through block-link technologies, closely integrates the virtual world with the real world in economic systems, social systems, identity systems, and allows each user to produce content and edit it.

扎克伯格在解释公司为何改名时，用一段视频直观展示了元宇宙的未来：可以创造一个虚拟的“家”，邀请熟悉的人开展社交，戴上设备就可以进入一个虚拟的工作空间与同事一起工作，甚至可以创造一个虚拟世界……

In explaining why the company changed its name, Zuckerberg showed the future of the meta-cosm with a video visual: a virtual “home” could be created, familiar people could be invited to socialize, devices could enter a virtual workspace to work with colleagues, and even a virtual world could be created...

胡闻认为，元宇宙概念在今年大热不是偶然，经过多年酝酿，虚拟现实、人工智能、区块链、大数据、5G通讯、可穿戴设备等底层技术的应用日渐成熟，这些技术的结合运用使打造元宇宙成为可能。

It is not an accident to believe that the meta-cosm concept is so hot this year that, after many years of gestation, virtual reality, artificial intelligence, block chains, big data, 5G communications, wearable equipment, etc., are becoming increasingly sophisticated in the application of bottom technologies that make it possible to build meta-cosmos.

中国社会科学院数量经济与技术经济研究所副研究员左鹏飞认为，元宇宙热背后有着深刻的经济社会原因——移动互联网红利已经到顶并开始消退，元宇宙作为虚拟世界和现实世界融合的载体，蕴含着社交、内容、游戏、办公等场景变革的巨大机遇，传统数字科技企业和新兴初创企业都想抓住未来赛道机遇。

The Vice-Researcher of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences Institute of Quantified Economics and Technology, Zho Peng Fei, argues that there are deep economic and social reasons behind the solar heat — that the mobile Internet dividend has reached its peak and is beginning to fade, that the Won cosmos, as a vehicle of virtual and real world integration, has great opportunities for social, content, games and office changes, and that both traditional digital technology and emerging start-ups want to seize the opportunity of future races.

清华大学新媒体研究中心近期发布的《2020-2021元宇宙发展研究报告》认为，2020年是人类社会虚拟化的临界点，为2021年成为元宇宙元年做了铺垫。一方面疫情加速了社会虚拟化，在新冠肺炎疫情防控措施下，全社会上网时长大幅增长，“宅经济”快速发展；另一方面，线上生活由原先短时期的例外状态成为常态，由现实世界的补充变成了与现实世界的平行世界，人类现实生活开始大规模向虚拟世界迁移，人类成为现实与数字的“两栖物种”。

The recent Qinghua University Center for New Media Studies Study 2020-2021 found that 2020 was a critical point in the virtualization of human society, paving the way for 2021 to become the first anniversary of the universe. On the one hand, the epidemic accelerated social virtualization and, under measures to prevent and control the new crown pneumonia epidemic, the entire society expanded its access to the Internet for long periods of time, and the “house economy” developed rapidly. On the other hand, online life became normal from the previous short-term exception, with the addition of the real world becoming a parallel world to the real world.

3 元宇宙离我们还有多远？

How far is the universe from us?

不少国际知名咨询企业看好元宇宙的未来，如彭博行业研究报告预计元宇宙将在2024年达到8000亿美元市场规模，普华永道预计元宇宙市场规模在2030年将达到1.5万亿美元。

A number of internationally renowned consulting firms are looking forward to the future of the Yuan universe, such as the Bloomberg Industry Study, which projects that it will reach the market size of $800 billion in 2024, and PricewaterhouseCoopers, which is expected to reach the market size of $1.5 trillion in 2030.

虽然前景诱人，但多数受访人士认为，当前元宇宙产业整体上还处于早期阶段，从算力条件、网络技术、扩展现实等现状来看，产业还需要10至20年的发展时间。

While the outlook is attractive, most interviewees believe that the meta-cosm industry as a whole is still at an early stage and that it will take another 10 to 20 years to develop in terms of numeracy conditions, network technology and expansion realities.

沈阳认为，当前元宇宙产业处于初期发展阶段，具有新兴产业不成熟、不稳定的特征。元宇宙仍存在诸多不确定性，产业和市场都亟需回归理性。

Shenyang believes that the meta-cosm industry is at an early stage of development, characterized by immaturity and instability in emerging industries. The meta-cosm still has many uncertainties, and industry and markets need to get back to rationality.

左鹏飞认为，在技术升级与需求升级的合力作用下，元宇宙的场景实现只是一个时间问题，也代表着未来的大方向，建议我国从技术、标准、应用、法律等层面支持元宇宙产业发展。

Left Peng Fei believes that, given the combination of technological upgrading and demand upgrading, the realization of the landscape of the meta-cosmos is only a matter of time and represents the larger direction of the future, and recommends that our country support the development of the meta-cosm industry at the technical, standard, application and legal levels.

“从技术方面来看，技术局限性是当前我国元宇宙发展面临的最大瓶颈，尤其是移动通信、大数据、人工智能等底层架构性信息技术亟需提升。我国应加大基础信息技术研发投入，鼓励和支持相关企业加强基础研究，增强技术创新能力，稳步提高技术成熟度。”左鹏飞说。

“Technologically, technological limitations are the biggest bottleneck facing the development of our meta-cosmos today, in particular the need to upgrade low-level structural information technologies such as mobile communications, big data, and artificial intelligence. We should increase our investment in basic information technology research and development to encourage and support enterprises to strengthen basic research, enhance technological innovation, and steadily increase technological maturity.”

业内人士建议，在法律层面，总结提炼在网络平台发展过程中的治理经验，加强元宇宙前瞻性立法研究，关注监管审查、数据安全等问题。

Industry suggests that, at the legal level, the experience of refining governance in the development of web-based platforms should be taken stock of, and research on forward-looking legislation in the meta-cosmos should be strengthened, focusing on regulatory review, data security and so forth.

记者：马晓澄

Reporter: Ma Xiaochen

来源：新华网

Source: Xinhuanet

来源：光明网

Source: Lightnet.