区块链技术发源于比特币，其本质在于创造一种去中心化的货币系统。区块链不仅仅是一种技术，更是自由的化身。区块链的本质就是去中心化，该技术不依赖中央集权就能自发地实现大规模社会协作。那么，区块链是如何让人类突破束缚走向自由的呢？
The technology of block chains, which originates in bitcoin, is essentially to create a decentralised monetary system. The chain of blocks is not just a technology, but a free incarnation. The essence of the chain of blocks is to decentralize, and the technology is to achieve large-scale social collaboration without relying on centralized powers.
区块链的诞生背景
The background to the birth of the block chain
为什么说互联网时代将要结束，区块链时代即将来临?
Why say that the age of the Internet is coming to an end and that the age of block chains is coming?
越是平淡无奇的东西越是难以引起别人的注意，自然界的氧气是这样，市场经济中的信任也是一样。传统的小农经济里面，交易双方通过彼此间的信任运作起来。但是交易一旦超出熟人圈，信任将难以为继。在这样的背景下，信用中介诞生了。信用中介可以是政府、银行、也可以是第三方支付机构。信任中介能有效降低交易成本，扩大交易范围。但是，信用中介的中介费也不低。试想政府每年的税收占到了一般人收入的40%，想想蚂蚁金服未上市已经估值600亿美元。
In the traditional smallholder economy, both parties operate through trust with each other. But once the deal goes beyond the circle of acquaintances, trust will be difficult to sustain. In this context, credit intermediaries are born. Credit intermediaries can be governments, banks, or third-party payers. Trust intermediaries can effectively reduce transaction costs and expand the scope of transactions.
如何才能降低甚至去掉这种信任成本呢？区块链技术诞生就是为了解决这个痛点。
How can this trust cost be reduced or even eliminated? Block chain technology was born to address this pain.
区块链究竟是什么鬼？
What the hell is a block chain?
去中心化
Let's go to the center.
去中心化简单理解就是实现去中心化下的货币发行和货币流通。按照目前的交易流程，假设A在网上购买一部手机，钱要先交到支付宝、智付这些第三方支付平台，支付平台通知卖家发货，待卖家发货买家确认收货后，支付平台才把钱转给卖家。
在此次交易中，买家和卖家是通过支付宝这个交易中心进行的。那么去中心化就是直接跳过第三方支付，买家和卖家能在确保公平公正下实现点对点直接交易。
In this transaction, buyers and sellers are carried out through the centre of the transaction, which is the payment of the treasure.
区块链
区块链相当于一本总账，里面收录了个人所有的历史交易记录，这些交易记录被放在多个区块中，那么显然区块就相当于总账里面的每一页。这个总账里面所有的记录都被公开到网络上，任何人都在上面记账、核账、查账。由于系统会认为数据相同数量最多的账本为真账本，且区块链采用了密码学技术，因此账本上的数据很难被篡改，这样保证了数据的真是可靠，公开透明。假如区块链技术得到普及应用，我们不用到银行开财产证明，不用到公安局开犯罪证明，不用到用人单位开在职证明就能在区块链辅助下快速完成各项工作。
The chain of blocks
is the equivalent of a master account in which records of all the historical transactions of individuals are recorded, and the records of these transactions are placed in multiple blocks, so it is clear that each of the pages in the ledger are the same. All the records in this general account are made public on the network, and no one has to record them, check them and check them. Since the system will consider the same largest number of books to be true books, and the chain of blocks to be coded, the data on the books will be difficult to tamper with, which will ensure that the data are reliable and transparent. If the technology of the block chain is applied universally, we will not have to write a certificate of property to the bank, we will not have to write a certificate of crime to the Public Security Department, and we will not have to write a certificate of employment to the public security office, and we will be able to quickly complete the work with the help of the chain of blocks.
比特币和Q币一样吗？
Is Bitcoin the same as Queens?
目前比较火的比特币可以说是区块链的1.0版本。比特币和Q币的区别在于Q币是由腾讯发行，由腾讯维护其信用体系的。而对于比特币而言，比特币的价值是建立在数学体系下的自证其信上的。这种公共信用能够不需要像传统金融那样需要别人背书。比特币有效解决了拜占庭难题，即在互不相识的情况下在战争中不依靠第三方信用中介就能达成信任共识。
The difference between bitcoins and Queens is that they are issued by tweaks, which maintain their credit systems. For bitcoins, the value of bitcoins is based on self-inflicted trust under a mathematical system. Such public credit can be given without the need for endorsement as traditional finance. Bitcoins effectively solves the Byzantine dilemma of not relying on third-party credit intermediaries in a war without knowing each other.
区块链在第三方支付中的应用
Application of block chains to third-party payments
跨境支付
Cross-border payments
比特币本质上就是跨境支付应用区块链的一种形式，但是比特币受限于发行量、政府管制、隐私保护等，暂时无法成为主流的跨境支付手段。
Bitcoin is essentially a form of application of block chains for cross-border payments, but bitcoin is limited to circulation, government control, privacy protection, etc., and is temporarily unable to become a mainstream means of cross-border payments.
主流的融入了区块链的跨境支付，把虚拟货币作为信用中介。跨境交易产生时，先把买方/汇款人所在地的货币转换为虚拟货币，在通过虚拟货币终端将货币转换为卖方/收款人所在国的货币。目前智付、招行、阿里等巨头都在研究区块链跨境金融技术，相信技术发展迭代速度将不断加快。
Mainstream payments are integrated into the block chain, using virtual currency as a credit intermediary. When cross-border transactions occur, the currency in which the buyer/remittor is located is converted into virtual currency, and the currency in which the seller/recipient is located through virtual currency terminals.
银行业
Banking
去中心化的区块链技术，能够改变银行业100多年来一直沿用的转账结构。区块链技术能够把转账化繁为简。在不需要复杂转账系统的情况下，付款人和收款人能够实现直接的交易。这种交易成本低廉而且迅速。目前瑞银联手高盛、摩根大通等22家银行投资区块链公司R3 CEV，以加紧开发私有账簿的标准架构。未来银行体系将能实现数字化，建立起分布式的账本结构。
Decentralized block chain technology can change the transfer structure that the banking industry has been following for more than 100 years. Block chain technology can simplify transfers. Payers and recipients can make direct transactions without the need for complex transfer systems. Such transactions are cheap and fast.
股票交易
Stock trading
股票作为金融体系中最主要的表现形式，每一个公司和个人都在想方设法简化股票交易中的销售、购买等各个流程。就目前而言，股票交易很多方面都需要人为的操作。而应用区块链技术的股票系统能够实现整个交易流程的自动化。目前，有些公司已经采用区块链技术发行股票，更有些公司试图通过区块链技术实现股票交易全过程。
Equities, as the dominant manifestation of the financial system, each firm and individual is trying to simplify the marketing, buying, etc. processes of stock trading. For the time being, stock trading in many ways requires man-made operations.
区块链一旦发展起来，将会迸发更多的创新。作为区块链的第一款产品的比特币自从诞生以后，就相继诞生许多创新。比如小额跨境支付，记录货币间的转账交易，记录各种股票，登记房屋产权，记录程序代码等
Since the birth of bitcoin, which is the first product of the block chain, many innovations have emerged. Examples include small cross-border payments, recording money-to-money transfers, recording stocks, registering home ownership rights, recording program codes, etc.
蒸汽时代解放了社会生产力，电气时代盘活了社会协作能力，互联网时代把世界联系在一起，而区块链时代，将让我们真正实现自由。
The steam age has liberated social productivity, the electrical age has lived up to the capacity of social collaboration, the Internet age has brought the world together, and the block-link age will give us real freedom.
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