挖矿行业寻找新的机会
Mining to find new opportunities
挖矿行业作为区块链行业产业链的上游，起着搭建基础设施的作用，同时也给市场提供了很多的财富机会。区块链近年发展迅速，无论从性能、易用性、可操作性等方面都足够成熟，足以支撑大规模商业应用。与此同时，区块链项目日益增多，也从侧面反映出当前市场作为技术支撑挖矿行业的火热程度。
At the same time, the growing number of block-chain projects reflects, on the other hand, the extent to which the current market, as a technology, supports the mining industry’s heat.
2019年末，行情低迷，根据矿池数据显示，截至2019年12月24日，按照电费0.38元/度，0.00001942BTC/T/天的产出计算，神马M3、阿瓦隆A741、翼比特E9+、蚂蚁T9+等型号矿机相继关机，矿机行业市场重新洗牌，大算力、低功耗的矿机机器从此成为发展趋势，也让矿机行业迎来新的曙光。
At the end of 2019, the mood was low. According to the data from the ponds, as of 24 December 2019, based on the output of the electric fee of 0.38 yuan/degree, 0.000001942 BTC/T/day, the mining machines M3, Avalon A741, E9+ wing, T9+ ant, etc. were connected to each other; the miner industry market was reshuffled, and the arithmetic and low-capacity mine machinery became a trend from this point on and a new light was brought to the miner industry.
不断迭代，挖矿行业仍处上游
is constantly changing, and the mining industry is still upstream
回望2020年上半年，在全球疫情和比特币减半的双重考验下，矿圈迎来了变局的新机遇。对比全球主要资产在今年的表现，比特币当前价格与年中最低值对比，最低增长率高达190%；而美股道琼斯指数、黄金、A股上证指数三者，当前与年中对比最低增长率分别只有49%、36%和28%。由此可见，面对极端行情，比特币仍具有巨大的潜力。
Looking back in the first half of 2020, under the double test of the global epidemic and the halving of Bitcoin, the ring has come up with new opportunities for a change. Compared to the performance of the world’s major assets this year, Bitcoin’s current prices are at a low rate of up to 190% compared to its mid-year low, while the US-Dow Jones Index, gold, and the A-plus are currently at a low rate of 49%, 36%, and 28%, respectively, compared to mid-year.
加密货币矿机经历了CPU、FGPA、GPU、ASIC挖矿时代，也出现了CDN挖矿、IPFS挖矿等新兴势力，行业正经历着一轮又一轮的进化。挖矿行业依靠技术的不断迭代，挖矿行业以安全稳健的底层建设吸引了众多用户信任参与，3·12黑天鹅事件之后，挖矿产业进入了恢复的高速通道，不仅实现了产业恢复，还持续呈现向上突破的趋势，矿工在其中也享受到颇为可观的收益。
After the CPU, FGPA, GPU, ASIC, and other emerging forces, such as the CDN and IPFS mining, the industry is going through a cycle of evolution. The mining industry relies on technology, and the mining industry attracts a large number of users to engage in safe and robust bottom-building. Following the 3-12 Black Swan incident, the mining industry has entered a recovered high-speed route, not only to recover its industry, but also to continue to show a upward trend, in which miners enjoy considerable benefits.
那么，针对目前市场上的比较常见的矿机厂商，使用他们矿机进行投资挖矿，收益究竟如何？
So, what are the benefits of using their
下面以BTC挖矿、ETH挖矿、LTC挖矿、FILcoin挖矿等挖矿方式，计算其投资回报及回本周期。
The return on investment and the return cycle are calculated below in the form of mining by BTC, ETH, LTC and FILcoin.
01. BTC（比特币）挖矿
01. BTC (bitcoin) Mining
比特币是由中本聪提出的一种P2P形式的加密数字货币。比特币总量有着4年减半的规则。目前一个1个比特币基于目前的数据结构被分割到8个小数位，也就是0.00000001 BTC，矿工们挖到比特币最小的单位就是0.00000001 BTC。
Bitcoin is an encrypted digital currency in the form of a P2P, proposed by China. The amount of bitcoin has the rule of halving it by four years. Currently, one bitcoin is divided into eight decimal places, or 0.000001 BTC, based on the current data structure. Miners dig the smallest unit in bitcoin, or 0.000001 BTC.
BTC享有加密货币的“黄金”的称号，一般挖BTC矿机有蚂蚁S19、蚂蚁T19、神马M31S、神马M20S、阿瓦隆1146、翼比特E12、捷豹F5M等矿机，根据上述矿机仅对部分型号测算下投入成本和收益周期：
BTC has the title of “gold” in encrypted currency. The BTC mine-digging machines typically include ants S19, ants T19, M31S, M20S, Avalon 1146, Wing E12, Jaguar F5M and so on. The cost and benefit cycles are calculated for only some of the models:
截止计算之前，BTC均价为 19111.49美元，约合人民币125442.19元。
Until the date of calculation, the average price of BTC was $19111.149, or RMB 125442.19.
02.ETH（以太坊）挖矿
02.ETH(Etheria) Mining
以太坊(Ethereum)是将比特币中的一些技术和概念运用于计算领域的一项创新，利用了很多跟比特币类似的区块链技术和 P2P 网络维护一个共享的计算平台，这个平台可以灵活且安全地运行用户想要的任何程序，更具兼容性。
Etheeum is an innovation in applying some of the technologies and concepts in Bitcoin to the area of computing, using a number of block chain technologies similar to Bitcoin and the P2P network to maintain a shared computing platform that is flexible and safe to run any programs that users want and is more compatible.
下表为ETH挖矿投资收益表：
The following table shows the return on investment in ETH mining:
截止计算之前，ETH价格为 596.13美元，折合人民币3913元。
Prior to the
cut-off, the ETH price was $596.13, equivalent to RMB 3913.
03.LTC（莱特币）挖矿
03.LTC(Letcoin) mining
莱特币是一种基于“点对点”(peer-to-peer)技术的网络货币，也是MIT/X11许可下的一个开源软件项目。莱特币是受比特币的启发而推出的改进版数字货币，尽量改进了比特币之前已经表现出的缺点，如交易确认太慢、总量上限偏少、工作量证明机制导致大矿池的出现等等SHA256算法。
Latcoin is a network currency based on “peer-to-peer” technology and an open-source software project licensed under MIT/X11. Latcoin is an improved digital currency inspired by bitcoin, which maximizes the shortcomings that Bitcoin has already demonstrated before, such as slow transaction recognition, low volume ceilings, workload certification mechanisms leading to the emergence of large deposits, and the SHA256 algorithm.
下表为LTC挖矿投资收益表：
The following table shows the income from the LTC mining investment:
截止计算之前，LTC价格为 86.4374美元，折合人民币567.41元。
Prior to the calculation, the LTC price was US$ 86.4374, equivalent to RMB 567.41.
04.FILcoin挖矿
Filecoin是基于IPFS协议的分布式存储网络，保障数据分布式储存，不受中心化互联网公司的限制。10月15日Filecoin主网终于上线，成为市场热点。
Filecoin is a distributed storage network based on the IPFS protocol, which guarantees that data can be stored in a distributed way, free of restrictions imposed by centralised Internet companies.
Filecoin通过区块奖励和服务收费来为诚实矿工带来收益，同时，也通过质押和罚没机制来激励矿工提供优质服务。它有三种收益方式，存储收益（提供存储空间）、检索收益（提供检索服务、带宽）、区块奖励（打包区块）。
Filecoin provides benefits for honest miners through block incentives and service charges, while also providing incentives for miners to provide quality services through pledge and forfeiture mechanisms.
filecoin区块奖励6年减半，并且在测试期在其网络上给矿工分发奖励了400万代币，引发了矿工们的挖矿兴趣。
Filecoin block incentives were halved by six years and, during the testing period, $4 million was distributed to miners on their network, triggering the interest of miners in mining.
FILcoin挖矿信息
filacoin mining information
全网有效存储： 0.876 EiB
Web-wide storage: 0.876 EiB
当前最新区块： 231287
Current latest block: 231287
当前出块时间： 30.6 s
Current time out: 30.6 s
活跃矿工数量： 669
Number of active miners: 669
最新区块奖励： 12.8004 FIL
Recent block awards: 12,8004 FIL
理论日总产出： 175454 FIL
Total output for theoretical days: 175454 FIL
日理论收益约： 0.19 FIL / T / 天
Day theory gains approximately 0.19 FIL / T / day
下表为FILcoin挖矿投资收益表：
The following table shows the return on FILcoin investment:
截止计算之前，FIL均价为 30.38美元，约合人民币199.42元。
Prior to the calculation, the average price of FIL was US$ 30.38 < strong > , which was approximately US$ 199.42.
05.Thor（雷神）挖矿
北京时间2020年10月20日22时23分，公链Thor Chain（雷神）正式上线，创世区块才正式诞生。Thor雷神公链的初衷是向比特币致敬，在保留了比特币PoW核心优势之外，并在此基础上对比特币的价值逻辑及发行机制进行了更新，并不断迭代中。
On 20 October 2020, at 2223 hours, Beijing time, the public chain Thor Chain was officially launched, giving birth to the creation block. The original purpose of the Oracle chain was to pay tribute to Bitcoin, in addition to preserving the central advantages of Bitcoin PoW, and on that basis, the Bitco value logic and distribution mechanisms were updated and continued to evolve.
值得一提的是，Thor雷神是全球首个双链纠缠燃烧的公链，其代币Thor与Odin（奥丁）双向价值锚定与存储，Thor雷神的正向价值存储和Odin逆向价值存储形成了双链纠缠的算法，相互的保证价值，并在其生态中实现流通传递。
It is worth mentioning that
Thor雷神已经拥有了属于自己的“矿工体系”，分别是雷神矿工、雷神矿场和雷神矿池，他们相互协作、各自分工，以其创新地位独占鳌头。其中，已经有包括宙斯矿池在内等7大自主建设的矿池。据市场相关回馈，雷神Thor矿工收益可观，市场持续火热，雷神矿工数量达数千人，并呈现每日高额增长的态势。
雷神矿池收益计算
Counting the proceeds of the Thunderbolt pit
上文讲到，Thor作为全球首个双链纠缠燃烧的公链，其计算收益的方式也与上述挖矿不同。雷神挖矿要求每台矿机须质押 10 万 Odin 算力，并在出块时燃烧一定数量的 Odin 币作为燃料（gas）。相对于雷神矿工单人挖矿这种成本高、回本周期长的 SOLO 模式，可将购买的雷神矿机托管到专业的雷神矿场，接入算力规模大的矿池，这样一来，投资才更有保障。
As mentioned above, Thor, as the world's first twin-linking public chain, calculates the proceeds in a different way from the above-mentioned mining.
举个例子，如果你成为雷神矿场的一名矿主，在四川拿到低价电力并建好矿场，根据目前电费综合来看为0.30 元 / 度电，卖给矿工是 0.4 元 / 度电，矿场主从中赚取 0.10元 / 度电的差价 (净利润 33.33%）。假设矿场的托管量大概是 2000 共价值 2000 万的雷神矿机，2000 台一年的总电费大概是 2000 万，那么按照 33.33%的净利润，雷神矿池的收益可观。
For example, if you are a miner at the 台 Station 宙斯矿池 Thor挖矿收益计算 Zeus pond Thor's mining proceeds are calculated 拿宙斯矿池举例，你在参与Thor挖矿时需要购买矿机分片，一台宙斯ZEUS矿机被分为140片，单片500U。其计算公式为：用户挖矿收益=用户持有矿机片机总产量*Thor价格-购买矿机片机成本。理论上来讲，购买的分片越多，持有的全网算力也就增多，自然收益也会增加。 Take the example of the Zeus pond, where you need to buy pieces of mining machines when you are involved in digging at 雷神矿机收益计算 Calculating Miner Proceeds 1.目前已知的全网参与雷神挖矿的矿机是5300台，每台矿机算力相同，这样一来雷神矿工之间不存在由于矿机性能差异带来的算力竞争，矿工可以心无旁骛的使用其进行挖矿； (a) 2.雷神每天出块288个（5分钟一个块），半衰期前每个块含50个Thor奖励。目前，每台雷神矿机的产量288*50/5300计算方式； gives 288 pieces per day (one block in five minutes) with 50 Thor incentives per block before half-life. currently calculates the yield of 288*50/5300 per miner; 3.另外，每出一个块需要使用另外一条链的原生代币（ODIN）作为燃料，矿工挖矿需要 Odin 的算力抵押及准备一定数量的 Odin 原生币。 In addition, requires the use of another chain of native ingenuity (ODIN) as fuel 据目前Thor全网数据显示： According to the current Thor data: 最新区块高度：4096525 Recent block height: 4096525. 全网算力：30.97MH/s Network power: 30.97 MHz/s 全网矿工数：5300 All-web miners: 5300 全网出块总数：12672 Total net output: 12672 全网区块奖励：633600Thor Net block incentives: 633600Thor 当前出块时间：5min Current time out: 5min 理论日总产出：2.72Thor Total theoretical day output: 2.72 Thor 理论日收益约：46.43个/天 Day of theoretical gain: approximately 46.43 days 下图为理论上Thor挖矿投资收益表 The following is the theoretical schedule of returns on Thor's investment in mining. 截止计算之前，Thor价格为 26.96美元，折合人民币177元。 Prior to the cut-off, Thor's price was US$ 26.96, equivalent to RMB 177. 哈尔·芬尼开始用自己的IBM电脑挖矿，由于没有竞争者，他一天最多挖出100个比特币，这一尝试让其成为比特币史上第一位矿工。致敬比特币的Thor雷神公链，其挖矿收益与早期比特币挖矿收益相同，Thor挖矿将比特币挖矿红利历史重演。需要注意的是，随着矿工日益激增，其挖矿收益将以其矿工数量及全网算力变化。 Hal Finny began digging with his IBM computer, and, in the absence of competitors, he dug up up up to 100 bitcoins a day, an attempt that made him the first miner in Bitcoin's history. To pay tribute to the Torret chain in Bitcoin, whose mining proceeds were the same as those of the early bitcoin, and which would repeat the history of bitcoin mining dividends. 挖矿行业上游位置不可撼动 The upstream position of the mining industry cannot be shaken 当前挖矿成本仍处于历史相对低位，慢牛价格的短期波动对炒币用户来说是极大的考验，但对矿工收益并不会造成太大影响，反而会缩短挖矿的回本周期，让矿工享受到最大的投资收益。 The current mining costs are still relatively low in history, and short-term fluctuations in slow cattle prices are a great test for currency users, but do not have much to do with miners'returns, but rather shorten the recovery cycle of mining and allow miners to reap the maximum return on investment. 里 Lee. 挖矿属于行业上游，其技术支撑让其不会因为行情动荡而衰败。不断更新迭代的矿机助力区块链以及矿业往更深更远的方向发展。从全球政策来看，矿业合规是趋势。北美算力全网占比已从年初的4% 涨至7.2%，不少海外优质机构客户也开始斥资采购矿机着手产业布局，相信在不久的将来，全球矿业必迎来更大的突破。 In global policy, mining compliance is a trend. From 4% at the beginning of the year, North America’s full-cost network has risen to 7.2%, and a number of high-quality overseas institutional clients have begun to invest in the purchase of mining machines for industrial deployment, believing that in the near future there will be a greater breakthrough in global mining.
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