中亿财经网7月24日讯，比特币是一种数字资产，它是由比特币软件组成的网络来维护的，在这个网络中，不需要其他的第三方，自己可以根据规则发行比特币，并且能确保发行的比特币是具有价值的(工作量证明)，而这种价值的认定是通过网络中所有的节点来自动进行验证的，节点之间达成共识就算是认可了，整个过程都是自成一个体系来运行的，人们在转账交易比特币的时候，价值就发生了传递，而如果将其他的资产比如股票、合同、版权、债权等锚定比特币，那么其他的资产也就能方便地进行传递转移了。
By July 24, Bitcoin was a digital asset maintained by a network of bitcoin software, in which no third party was required to issue bitcoin on its own rules and to ensure that the issue of bitcoin was of value (proven workload), which was determined automatically through all nodes in the network, and consensus among nodes was accepted that the whole process operated as a self-contained system, that the value was passed when the Bitcoin was transferred, and that other assets, such as shares, contracts, copyrights, claims, etc., could easily be passed by bitcoin.
矿场和矿池有什么区别?
What's the difference between a mine and a pond?
比特币矿场
It's a bitcoin mine.
大家都知道要想挖煤，一定要选址，然后通过勘探技术选择储煤区，利用挖掘机进行开采。其实比特币挖矿也是一样，它是用计算机在虚拟网络世界中经过开采得到的，计算机也就是挖煤所用的挖掘机，也就是比特币矿机，要挖比特币的话，同样需要一个合适的区域，然后把许多矿及连接在一起进行挖矿，就形成了比特币矿场。
Everyone knows that in order to dig coal, the site must be chosen and the coal storage area selected through exploration techniques, using excavators. In fact, the same is true for bitcoin, which is mined by computers in the virtual network world, i.e., a miner used to dig coal, and for bitcoin, a suitable area is needed, and then a lot of mines and connections to mine, form a bitcoin.
建立比特币矿场需要什么条件?
What are the conditions for the establishment of the Bitcoin mine?
建立一个比特币矿场，需要很多的成本作保障，其中，矿场的建设、设备、维护和网络建设都需要这些成本，还需要人力、电力等维修维护成本，通常情况下，比特币挖矿需要消耗大量电力，据央视去年7月份的调查，1个拥有5000台矿机的中型矿场，一年的耗电量大约在6000万度左右，相当于一个10万人口的乡镇一年的生活用电量。因此大部分开设矿场的人都选择将矿场设立在靠近电站，电费低廉的地方。
The construction of a Bitcoin mine will require a number of costs, among which the construction, equipment, maintenance and network construction of the site will require these costs, as well as human, electricity and other maintenance costs. Normally, the mining of Bitcoin will consume a large amount of electricity. According to a survey conducted last July, a medium-sized mine with 5,000 machines will consume about 60 million degrees of electricity a year, equivalent to one year of electricity in a town of 100,000 people.
正因为此，通常把矿场设在电费比较便宜的地方，一台矿机的回本周期大概需要二百到三百天，它是随着市场波动而不断变化的，和政策、价格、技术等方面有密不可分的联系。
As a result, mines are usually located where electricity is cheaper, and the return cycle of a miner, which takes about 200 to 300 days, is constantly changing in response to market fluctuations and is inextricably linked to policy, price, technology, etc.
此外，比特币挖矿的人在不断增加，加入的比特币矿机和矿场也不断增加，这就和挖煤是一个同样的道理，因此比特币被单个矿机挖掘的可能性就越来越小，于是人们把所有矿机相连，和全球的其它矿机进行竞争，这就形成了比特币矿池。
In addition, the growing number of bitcoin diggers and the addition of bitcoins and mines is the same argument as coal mining, so that bitcoins are less and less likely to be excavated by individual miners, so that people are connected to all miners and compete with other miners around the globe, creating bitcoins.
什么是比特币矿池?如果说矿场是一个比特币挖矿硬件设备的集合，那么矿池则是矿工们算力的集合。其实，矿池的概念要更抽象，它是若干矿机的集合，也是若干矿场中矿机算力的集合，这就好比一个在美国的矿池，接入矿池的有美国矿机，也有日本矿机，这时，区域就显得不那么重要，只是按劳分配而已。
What is a bitcoin pond? If the mines are a collection of bitcoin hardware, the ponds are a pool of miners’ power. In fact, the concept of the ponds is more abstract: it is a collection of a number of machines, and a pool of machines in a number of mines, like a pond in the United States, with an American miner and a Japanese miner.
具体来讲，矿池就是一个开放的、全自动的挖矿平台，矿工将自己的矿机接入矿池，贡献自己的算力共同挖矿然后获得收益。比特币矿池的形成可以增加挖矿成功的几率，挖到比特币之后，每台矿机对总算力的贡献会相应得到奖励。
Specifically, the ponds are an open, fully automated mining platform, where miners connect their machines to the ponds, contribute their arithmetic to the co-mining of the mines and then reap the benefits. The formation of the Bitcoin ponds increases the chances of successful mining, and each miner will be rewarded for its contribution to total capacity.
在加密货币进行挖矿的过程中，随着越来越多的矿工入场，挖矿的总算力越来越高，单个矿工的产出也变得越来越不稳定，为了获得更加稳定的挖矿收益，矿工们开始联合起来与其他矿工进行竞争，因此就逐渐出现了比特币矿池的概念。
The concept of a bitcoin pond has gradually emerged as a result of the fact that, in the course of encoded currency mining operations, the overall capacity of miners has grown, the output of individual miners has become more volatile and the miners have begun to join forces to compete with other miners in order to obtain more stable mining returns.
矿池有哪些什么样的作用?
What is the role of the pond?
比特币矿池的形成可以增加挖矿成功的几率，挖到比特币之后，每台矿机对总算力的贡献会相应得到奖励。实际上，矿池本身并不进行挖矿计算，而是将计算任务分配给连接到矿池的矿机。加入矿池，比特币用户一方面可以避免运行全节点;另一方面也可以减少挖矿回报的方差。
The formation of a bitcoin pond can increase the chances of mining success, and after digging into bitcoin, each miner will be rewarded for its contribution to total power. In fact, the pond does not compute the mine itself, but assigns the task of calculating to the mine that connects it. By joining the pit, bitcoin users can avoid running the full node; and by reducing the difference in the return on mining.
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