都说乱世买黄金，可近期被视为“数字黄金”的比特币走势却霸气十足尽显“王者风范”，价格一度接近16000美元，并且相当长时间站稳在1.5万美元以上，市场断言一场“静悄悄的牛市”已经来临。
All say that gold is bought out of nowhere, but the recent movement of bitcoin, which is regarded as “digital gold”, has been so hegemonic that it was once close to $16,000 and has been standing for a considerable period of time at more than $15,000, and the market has asserted that a “silent cow market” has arrived.
提到比特币，不能不提区块链。比特币和区块链技术一起诞生，迄今已有12年，比特币，被誉为区块链最成功的应用产品，并达到了2000亿美元市值。作为数字经济发展的重要基础设施，区块链技术正引领全球新一轮技术和产业变革，而比特币的交易场所中心化交易所也成为占领全球区块链产业制高点的重要节点。
As an important infrastructure for digital economic development, block chain technology is leading a new round of technological and industrial changes around the world, and the centralization of Bitcoin’s trading space exchange has become an important node for occupying the high points of the global block chain industry.
区块链技术成为全球竞争主导地位的砝码
毋庸置疑，区块链技术在推动传统信息互联网向价值互联网的跨越，构建适应数字经济发展的新型生产关系。而在全球经济一体化的背景下，各国在经济、科技等各个领域博弈不断，区块链技术也是大国取得主导地位、小国寻求弯道超车的机会所在。
There is no doubt that block-chain technologies are building new productive relationships that are adapted to digital economic development by driving traditional information-to-value Internet leaps. In the context of global economic integration, countries are playing games in various fields, including economics, science, and technology.
中国早就开始了对区块链技术的布局，从中央政府到地方政府，都给予区块链技术极大的政策支持。去年10月24日中央集体学习时指出，区块链技术的集成应用在新的技术革新和产业变革中起着重要作用。今年4月20日，国家发改委正式将区块链纳入新基建。
China has long begun to organize block-chain technology, with the central and local governments providing significant policy support for block-chain technology. On 24 October last year, the Central Group learned that integrated application of block-chain technology played an important role in new technological innovation and industrial change.
不久前，11月1日出版的第21期《求是》杂志上的重要文章《国家中长期经济社会发展战略若干重大问题》指出，“我们要乘势而上，加快数字经济、数字社会、数字政府建设，推动各领域数字化优化升级，积极参与数字货币、数字税等国际规则制定，塑造新的竞争优势。”
More recently, the important article in the 21st issue of the magazine, “Major issues of the medium- and long-term economic and social development strategy of the country”, published on 1 November, states that “we need to take advantage of the momentum to accelerate the construction of digital economy, digital society and digital government, to promote the optimal upgrading of digitalization in all fields, to participate actively in the development of international rules such as digital currency and digital taxes, and to shape new competitive advantages”.
在此背景下，中国区块链技术的发展突飞猛进。值得一提的是，截至今年10月，在全球的区块链专利布局中，共申请31264族区块链专利，专利申请个数超5万。其中，中国申请量18987件、美国申请量6219件、韩国申请量2002件，即中国占比超过60%，是美国的3倍，日本的90倍。
In this context, China’s block chain technology has advanced dramatically. It is worth mentioning that, as of October of this year, a total of 31264 block chain patents have been applied for worldwide, with over 50,000 patents. Of these, China has 18,987 applications, the United States 6219, the Republic of Korea 2002 applications, with more than 60% China, three times the United States, and Japan 90 times.
整体来看，中国产业区块链发展已在全球占据明显优势。一方面是阿里巴巴、腾讯等互联网巨头率先在区块链领域取得突破，成功实践了多个领域的落地应用；另一方面是火币等最早掌握公链技术的企业，已经参与到全球的开放联盟链热潮中，以使中国在全球区块链行业发展中保持领先地位。
On the one hand, major Internet players such as Ali Baba and Tents have taken the lead in achieving breakthroughs in the area of block chains, and have successfully applied multiple fields of landing applications. On the other hand, firms such as the first to master public-chain technologies, such as the currency, have been involved in the global boom in the open union chain to keep China in the lead in the development of the global segmental chain industry.
中心化交易所有助于占领全球区块链产业制高点
经过十年多的发展，区块链技术已经延伸出了一个包含公链、联盟链、数字资产交易所、数字钱包、矿场、矿池、矿机厂商等完整的产业生态系统，区块链技术应用也已延伸到数字金融、数字资产交易等多个领域，数字资产交易正是通过交易所发生的。 After more than a decade of development, block chain technology has extended a complete industrial ecosystem comprising public chains, chains of alliances, digital asset exchanges, digital wallets, mines, ponds, miners, etc. The application of block chain technology has also extended to a number of areas, such as digital finance and digital asset trading, where transactions take place. 对于交易所的评价褒贬不一。不少观点认为，数字资产交易所24小时开放且无涨跌限制容易导致较大的波动风险、滥竽充数的“空气项目”导致虚假资产风险、数字资产匿名性的特点给洗钱和犯罪行为提供便利等等。 There are many views that the 24-hour opening of the digital asset exchange, with no upward or downward restrictions, can easily lead to greater risks of volatility, abusive “air projects” that lead to false asset risks, the anonymity of digital assets that facilitate money-laundering and criminal behaviour, etc. 同时，目前以比特币、以太坊、USDT等数字资产为代表的交易市场已发展成型，由于起步早和市场活跃，就出现了能与世界排名第一的美国交易所coinbase竞争抗衡的中国人创办的交易所：币安和火币。 At the same time, the trading markets, represented by digital assets such as Bitcoin, Taiwan, and USDT, have developed, and the early start and market activity have led to the emergence of exchanges created by Chinese competitors who can compete against the world's leading United States exchange, Coinbase: currency security and coins. 火币成立七年有余，在2014年曾是全球交易量最大的数字资产交易平台，2018-2019年也保持着该优势，提供上百种数字货币交易。数据表明，火币、币安和OKEX这三个中国人创办的交易所占到现货交易的70%左右比重。 More than seven years after its inception, in 2014 it was the world’s largest trading platform for digital assets, and in 2018-2019 it was maintained, providing hundreds of digital currency transactions. The data show that three Chinese-run transactions – the coin, the currency, and the OKEX – accounted for about 70% of spot transactions. 由于其点对点支付转移的属性，监管具有相当难度，因此需要有统一能追踪核查的监管系统以对数字资产交易进行有效监管。同时，合规是健康有序市场环境的有力保证，通过对中心化交易所的监管更是可以有助于在区块链浪潮中占领全球区块链产业制高点。 Since regulation is difficult because of the attributes of the point-to-point payment transfer, a uniform and verifiable regulatory system is needed to effectively regulate transactions in digital assets. At the same time, compliance is a strong guarantee of a healthy and orderly market environment, and regulation of centralized exchanges can help capture the high-levels of the global block chain in a wave of regional chains. 对比来看美国的监管措施，监管方面的政府机构有证券交易委员会、商品期货交易委员会、国会、财政部、司法部、国家税务局、联邦选举委员会、国务部、联邦贸易委员会、政府伦理署等，监管话题集中在消费者保护、监管范围、监管职责、反欺诈、反洗钱、ICO 监管、无牌经营、创新保护、交易所监管、纳税、市场操纵等。 In contrast, regulatory measures in the United States include the Securities and Exchange Commission, the Commodity Futures Trading Commission, Congress, the Treasury Department, the Department of Justice, the National Tax Administration, the Federal Electoral Commission, the Department of State, the Federal Trade Commission, the Government Ethics Office, etc., which focus on consumer protection, regulatory coverage, regulatory responsibility, anti-fraud, anti-money-laundering, ICO regulation, cardless operations, innovation protection, exchange regulation, taxation, market manipulation, etc. 监管下的中心化交易所作用很多。首先，中心化交易所是监管介入的关键抓手。比特币等数字资产早期主要被用于从暗网购买毒品等违禁物品，现在洗钱、诈骗、恐怖组织行为用比特币交易也时有发生。而中心化平台由于其不断加强的治理模式，能在灰色交易出现前和过程中，第一时间对其进行锁定与追踪。 Since digital assets, such as Bitcoin, were used in the early years mainly to purchase prohibited items, such as drugs, from clandestine networks, money-laundering, fraud, and the use of bitcoin for terrorist acts are now commonplace. Centralization platforms, because of their growing governance model, are able to lock and track grey transactions for the first time before and during their emergence. 其次，中心化交易所可有效降低虚假资产、非法套利风险、洗钱风险。在传统金融领域，金融机构会通过共享或采购行业用户黑名单进行业务开展过程中的风险控制。而在虚拟货币交易市场中，中心化交易所同样可以如此做为。例如火币在用户认证上与道琼斯风险与合规部深入合作，采用金融机构级别的黑名单数据库，对其认证用户进行风险把控。 Second, a centralized exchange can effectively reduce the risk of fraudulent assets, illicit arbitrage, and money-laundering. In the traditional financial sector, financial institutions can exercise risk control in the course of their operations by sharing or purchasing blacklists of users in the industry. 最后，为数字人民币赋能全球金融提供可能性。数字人民币是一种面向未来的货币形式，而中心化交易所的出现，则有助于提高数字人民币的金融普惠性，在全球范围内实现物流、信息流、资金流“三流合一”，从而使金融科技真正赋能实体经济，大幅提高数字人民币的国际地位。 Finally, it offers the possibility of enabling global finance. The digital renminbi is a future-oriented form of currency, and the emergence of a centralized exchange will help to increase the financial inclusion of the digital renminbi, making logistics, information flows, and financial flows “triple together” on a global scale, thus making financial science and technology truly capable of empowering the real economy and significantly raising the international status of the digital renminbi. 当前，区块链技术应用已延伸到数字金融、物联网、智能制造、数字资产交易等多个领域，而交易作为数字经济产业发展的重要一环，能够成为推动建立区块链科技创新与产业发展融合互动的新体系。 Currently, the application of block-chain technology has been extended to a number of areas, such as digital finance, material networking, smart manufacturing and digital asset trading, which, as an important link in the development of the digital economy, can become a new system for promoting the integration of science, technology and innovation into industrial development. 编辑：石祎 Editor: Shizuku 查看更多华夏时报文章，参与华夏时报微信互动（微信搜索「华夏时报」或「chinatimes」） Read more of the summer Times articles and participate in the summer Times micro-interactions ("/span" or "chinatimes
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