央广网北京9月15日消息（记者王一棚 柴华）据中国之声《新闻纵横》报道，昨天（14日），国内一家较大的比特币交易平台——比特币中国宣布，9月30日起停止数字资产交易平台所有交易业务。消息一出，市场立刻做出剧烈反应。截止昨晚，火币网上的比特币价格报21100元，跌幅为15%左右；比特币中国上的比特币价格报19100元，跌幅超过20%。那么，比特币中国为什么要关闭交易？其自身存在哪些风险？人们又该如何防范呢？
As soon as the news came out, the market reacted sharply. As of last night, the price of bitcoin on the currency network was 21,100 yuan, or about 15%; and the price of bitcoin in bitcoin in bitcoin was 19,100 dollars, or more than 20%. Then why did Bitcoin shut down the deal?
比特币没有一个集中的发行方，而是由网络节点的计算生成，谁都有可能参与制造比特币，而且可以在全世界流通，可以在任意一台接入互联网的电脑上买卖；不管身处何方，任何人都可以挖掘、购买、出售或收取比特币，并且在交易过程中与交易无关者无法辨认用户身份信息。2009年，不受央行和任何金融机构控制的比特币诞生。
Bitcoin does not have a centralized issuer, but is generated by network node calculations, and anyone may be involved in the creation of bitcoin and can circulate around the world, and can be bought and sold on any computer with Internet access; wherever it is, anyone can dig, buy, sell or collect bitcoin, and in the course of the transaction those who have nothing to do with the transaction cannot identify the user. In 2009, Bitcoin was born free of control by the central bank and any financial institution.
对此，中国政法大学互联网金融法律研究院院长李爱君表示，不管比特币身处何处、以哪种形式存在，都属于非法定货币，“目前，在世界各地，比特币的本质和法律性质的规定分为三类：第一类，把它定性为虚拟商品或数字资产。我国在2013年出台的对比特币的风险提示中规定它是虚拟商品，大多数国家将它定性为虚拟商品。第二类，把比特币这一虚拟货币定性为外币，按照外汇管理办法进行管理，这样做的国家很少。第三类，把比特币这种虚拟货币作为一国的一种支付系统，按照支付管理办法进行管理。无论是哪一类，它都属于非法定货币，没有一个国家把它定性为法定货币。”
In response, Li Yijun, President of the Institute of Internet Finance Law of the Chinese University of Politics and Law, stated that regardless of where and in which form Bitcoin is present, it is illegal to fix currency. “For the time being, in all parts of the world, the basic and legal nature of Bitcoin is divided into three categories: the first category, which is characterized as a virtual commodity or a digital asset.
比特币交易平台在我国无合法设立依据
Bitcoin trading platform has no legal basis in our country
在比特币中国宣布停止数字资产交易平台所有交易业务的前一天，即13日，摩根大通CEO杰米·戴蒙在巴克莱银行的会议上直言，“比特币最终将破灭。它就是一场骗局。”戴蒙对比特币给予了严厉批评，并将其迅速升值比作17世纪的“郁金香泡沫”，他预计这种去中心化的货币的投资者将面临同样悲惨的下场。
The day before Bitcoin announced the cessation of all trading operations on the Digital Assets Trading Platform in China, on 13,
同一天，中国互联网金融协会发布关于防范比特币等所谓“虚拟货币”的风险提示。提示称，比特币等所谓“虚拟货币”，日益成为洗钱、贩毒、走私、非法集资等违法犯罪活动的工具。投资者应保持警惕，发现违法犯罪活动线索应立即报案。所谓“币”的各类交易平台在我国并无合法设立依据。
On the same day, the Chinese Internet Finance Association issued a risk alert to so-called “virtual currency” such as Bitcoin. The reminder states that so-called “virtual currency” such as Bitcoin is increasingly used as a tool for criminal activities, such as money-laundering, drug trafficking, smuggling, and illegal collection of funds.
李爱君介绍道，虚拟货币之所以存在风险是因为其本身没有使用价值，而且无法被掌控，“虚拟货币就没有使用价值。它所谓的‘价值’是一些人的主观认知，这就是它的价值问题，它没有任何使用价值和实体价值的支撑。”
"The virtual currency has no value in itself and cannot be controlled
李爱君还讲到，在技术层面上，比特币同样存在风险，“作为一种网络技术，比特币不乏受到黑客、病毒及网络盗窃者的干扰或侵害。拥有这种虚拟货币的主体大都是不懂IT技术的交易参与者，即使他们懂IT技术，可能也防范不了这种安全风险。关键问题是交易风险，比特币这种交易平台在我国是没有监管的，存在着操纵市场、内幕交易的风险。”
Li also said that, at the technical level, Bitcoin is also at risk, “as a network technology, Bitcoin is either interfered with or abused by hackers, viruses, and cyber robbers.” Most of the subjects with this virtual currency are traders who do not know IT technology, and even if they know IT technology, they may not be able to protect themselves from such security risks. The key issue is the risk of transactions, where Bitco is unsupervised, and where there is a risk of market manipulation, insider trading.”
近年来，比特币价格迅速攀升，引诱大批群众入场，参与者从“专业小众”快速扩展成“普通大众”，已经出现“炒股、炒房不如炒币”的论调。一大批虚拟货币跟风轮涨。仅2017年，莱特币价格上涨476%，瑞波币价格上涨54倍，以太币价格上涨13倍。
In recent years, the price of Bitcoin has risen rapidly, attracting large numbers of people, and the participants have expanded rapidly from a “specialized crowd” to a “general public” with the argument that “shares and houses are less expensive than coins.” A large number of virtual money and windmills have risen. In 2017 alone, the price of Lightcoin rose by 476%, and the price of Rippoco by 54 times, and the price of Temas by 13 times.
浙江大学互联网金融研究院区块链工作室主任张瑞东谈到，价格涨幅这么大，是大家追逐的心理、炒作的心理在作祟，并从侧面反映出比特币的风险很大，“这背后主要原因就是把比特币作为一种特殊商品，作为类似于股票等金融衍生品的东西进行炒作和交易。既然作为特殊商品、金融衍生品来交易，那么在股票市场交易中存在的问题，比特币投资者都会遇到。只不过比特币交易仅是最近几年的事，大家觉得这是个新东西，预期应该很好，大家追逐的心理、炒作的心理比较大。”
The head of the Internet Finance Research Institute at Zhejiang University, Zhang Ruidong, said that the price increase was so large that the psychology of the chasers, the frenzy, and the side-faced risk of bitcoin was so high that “the main reason behind this was to make and trade bitcoin as a special commodity, as a financial derivative like stock. Since it was a special commodity, a financial derivative, problems in trading in the stock market would be encountered by bitcoin investors. It was just that the bitcoin deal had been a new thing in recent years.
海外比特币交易难度大风险高
Overseas bitcoin transactions are at high risk
比特币的危害和风险这么大，那么有人会问：矿池是什么？比特币中国的矿池等业务为什么不受这些影响，还能继续正常运营呢？
Bitcoin's hazards and risks are so great that one asks: What are the ponds? Why are operations like the Bitcoin Chinese ponds not affected by them and continue to operate normally?
对此，张瑞东解释说，“比特币是个全球网络，是一个全球性的数字货币。换句话说，就算把中国的交易平台关了，只要互联网的连接是流畅的、通的，那么，国内也管不了在国外平台上进行的比特币交易，除非把互联网整个关口都给关掉。”
In response, Zhang Ruidong explained that “bitcoin is a global network, a global digital currency.” In other words, even if China’s trading platforms are shut down, as long as Internet connections are fluid and accessible, domestic transactions in bitcoin on foreign platforms cannot be handled unless the Internet is shut down as a whole.”
张瑞东还表示，虽然允许比特币在国外交易，但是难度很大，也存在风险，“专业要求会比较高，参与难度比较大，参与人数可能比较少了。投资者参与美国交易平台的交易，至少他要懂英文。市场仍然可以去探讨比特币，但不想让比特币交易去诱导、误导国内认识水平还不是特别高的投资者。”
According to Zhang Ritón, while allowing Bitcoin to trade abroad, it is difficult and risky to “require more professional requirements, participation is more difficult, and the number of participants may be lower.” Investors are involved in US trading platforms, at least in English. Markets can still discuss Bitcoin, but do not want Bitcoin to be traded to induce and mislead investors whose level of domestic awareness is not particularly high.”
不容忽视的是，随着比特币价格暴涨，其正日益成为各类违法犯罪活动的“帮凶”，暗藏极大的社会风险。在各项互联网金融风险整治中，发现大量以“虚拟货币”为道具和幌子，实为传销、非法集资等的非法金融活动。
It should not be overlooked that, as the price of bitcoin soars, it is increasingly becoming a “collaborator” of various types of illegal criminal activity, harbouring enormous social risks. In various Internet-based financial risk management, a large number of illegal financial activities, such as “virtual currency” and under the guise of “virtual currency,” have been discovered.
李爱君提醒广大的投资者千万不要存在侥幸心理，“没有监管的交易市场所蕴含的风险是很大的。因为投资者不知道这些交易标的的控制者到底是谁，比如，庄家怎么去操纵，操纵到什么点上他要退出，这是大家都看不清。大家不要存在侥幸心理，要正确认知，风险就是风险。一个不懂专业、看不清背后问题的投资者，可能每时每刻都会像割韭菜一样被割掉。”
Lee Ai-kun reminds a wide range of investors that the risks inherent in an unregulated trading market are great. Because investors don't know exactly who controls the subject matter of these transactions, for example, how the realtor manipulates and manipulates what he wants out of it, it's hard for everyone to see. Don't be lucky. To be correct, the risk is risk. An investor who doesn't know his profession, who doesn't see what's behind it, is likely to be cut off every hour like a cabbage.
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